Ibrahim, M., El - Gazzar, I., Abo El-Haress, S. (2012). COMBINING ABILITY AND TYPE OF GENE ACTION BY DIALLEL CROSSES OF WHITE MAI ZE. Journal of Plant Production, 3(5), 807-817. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2012.84230
M. H. A. Ibrahim; I. A. I. El - Gazzar; S. M. K. Abo El-Haress. "COMBINING ABILITY AND TYPE OF GENE ACTION BY DIALLEL CROSSES OF WHITE MAI ZE". Journal of Plant Production, 3, 5, 2012, 807-817. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2012.84230
Ibrahim, M., El - Gazzar, I., Abo El-Haress, S. (2012). 'COMBINING ABILITY AND TYPE OF GENE ACTION BY DIALLEL CROSSES OF WHITE MAI ZE', Journal of Plant Production, 3(5), pp. 807-817. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2012.84230
Ibrahim, M., El - Gazzar, I., Abo El-Haress, S. COMBINING ABILITY AND TYPE OF GENE ACTION BY DIALLEL CROSSES OF WHITE MAI ZE. Journal of Plant Production, 2012; 3(5): 807-817. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2012.84230
COMBINING ABILITY AND TYPE OF GENE ACTION BY DIALLEL CROSSES OF WHITE MAI ZE
Maize research section, Field Crops Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza
Abstract
Seven white maize inbred lines were crossed in a diallel cross system at Sakha Research Station in the growing season 2010. The seven parents were (Sk-5, Sd-7, Sd-63, Sk 8238, Sk DM5001/80, Sk 5069/2 and Sk 6006/3). The 21 crosses in addition to three check hybrids ( SC 10, SC 128 and SC129 ) were evaluated at Sakha and Mallawy Agricultural Research Stations in 2011 growing season. Data were collected on number of days to 50% silking (day), plant and ear heights, grain yield (ard/fed), ear length (cm.), ear diameter (cm), number of rows/ear and number of kernels/row and analyzed according to Griffing (1956) method-4 model-1 (fixed model). Mean squares of locations for combined analysis were highly significant for all the studied traits, except number of rows/ear. Significant differences were found among hybrids for all the studied traits, while hybrids x locations were significant for all the studied traits, except for plant and ear heights, ear diameter, No. of rows/ear and No. of kernels/row. Mean squares of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were significant, except for ear height and SCA for ear diameter, as well as their interaction with locations was significant for most studied traits, except mean squares of GCA x L for ear diameter and No. of rows/ear. While, mean squares of SCA x L for days to 50%silking, plant and ear heights, ear diameter , No. of rows/ ear and No. of kernels/row were not significant to indicate an importance both additive and non-additive gene action effects in the inheritance of these the studied traits. The ratio δ2GCA/ δ2SCA was greater than unity to indicate an importance of additive gene action in the inheritance for all studied traits. Also, the ratio δ2GCAx loc/ δ2SCAxloc was exceeded than unity for all the studied traits, except, for ear length and ear diameter, indicating an importance both additive and non-additive gene action effects in the inheritance of the studied traits and they were more affected by environmental conditions (locations). The two inbred lines Sk 6006/3 and Sk 5 exhibited negative and desirable significant GCA effects, towards earliness, shorter plants and lower ear placement, while the inbred lines Sk 8238 and Sd 7exhibited positive and desirable significant GCA effects and they considered the best combiner for grain yield and its components. Moreover, the inbred line Sd 7 enhances in production a lot of single and three way crosses in maize breeding program. The two new hybrids Sk 8238 x Sk 5069/2 and Sd 7 x Sk 8238 (42.85 and 41.29 ard/fed) significantly out-yielded the check hybrids SC10 and SC128 (37.18 and 37.14 ard/fed) by relative increasing (15.25 and 15.37 %) and ( 11.05 and 11.17 %, respectively), while the two new hybrids did not differ significantly the check hybrid SC129 (39.36 ard/fed). The two new single crosses herein are considered as superior and promising hybrids for highly grain yield and its components and it could be recommended to use the two new crosses in maize breeding program in future after wider testing.
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