Effect of Spraying by Some Substances on Low Temperature Stress for Growth and Productivity in Late Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Planting under the Middle Egypt Region Conditions

        Two field experiments were carried out at Sids Horticulture Research Station, Beni Sueif Governorate, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt during the two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. To study the effect of foliar spraying with two concentrations from three stimulate substances i.e. Salicylic acid at a rate of 0.5 and 1 g/ L, Selenium at a rate of 5 and 10 mg/ L, Green miracle at a rate of 3 and 6 cm³/ L beside the control (spraying with tap water) and their interaction on growth characters, pollen grains viability %, yield and its components as well as some chemical constituents in the leaves and the seeds under low temperature stress in the late peas plantationswhich prevailing under the middle Egypt region conditions during this period of the year for two peas (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars i.e. Entsar 1 and Master B. The experimental design was split–plot; two pea cultivars were devoted in the main plots and foliar applications of three stimulate substances at the two concentrations of each of them arranged in sub plots. Seeds were sown in the 1^st week in December during the two seasons. The results showed that the superiority of Entsar 1 cultivar in the studied characters of growth i.e. plant height, number of branches and dry weight/ plant in addition to the percentage of the vitality of the pollen grains, total pods yield (ton/ fed) and its components as well as the chemical content of leaves and seeds i.e. chlorophyll, total sugars, proline, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves as well as total sugars and protein in seeds as compared with Master B cultivar. The results also showed that the foliar spraying with the Green miracle at a concentration of 3 cm³/ L which was the best stimulant substance markedly improve most of the studied characters. The results of the interaction between the two factors had a significant effect on the studied characters of growth, pods yield and its components as well as the chemical content of leaves and seeds under these conditions. The best results were obtained from foliar spraying of Entsar 1 cv. by the Green miracle substance at a concentration of 3 cm³/ L followed by foliar spraying with the highest concentrations of Selenium and Salicylic acid, respectively.