Shoot Apices: Promising Explants for the Regeneration and Transformation of Egyptian Sorghum bicolor Lines throughout the Year

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Branch of Genetics, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University

2 Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.

Abstract

Immature embryos and immature inflorescences represent the best explants for indirect sorghum regeneration. However, obtaining these explants from field or greenhouse-grown plants requires a lengthy cultivation period. Therefore, shoot apices from seedlings offer a great advantage for readily obtaining explants to sustain the demands for gene transformation experiments throughout the year. Here we report a rapid regeneration protocol from seedling shoot apices for two Egyptian sorghum lines; LG1 and LG3. Callus induction media, CIM1 and CIM2, which differ in the concentration of the synthetic auxin 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and Kinetin (Kin), were indifferent in their capacity to promote callus formation in the two genotypes, however, the response of the two genotypes to callus induction was significantly different. The lowest callus indication percentage and the highest callus induction percentage were 16.60% and 33.65% for LG3 on CIM1 and LG1 on CIM2, respectively. The difference in the regeneration from callus for the two genotypes was non-significant and was as low as 11.29% and as high as 20.15%. Our results show the potential of utilizing these Egyptian sorghum lines in tissue culture for transgenic and gene editing.

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