ANTHER CULTURE AS A TECHNIQUE TO REGENERATE HOMOZYGOUS WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES

Sabry,, S. R.S.; EI-Shihy, O. M.; Nesiem, M. R.A.; Daghma, D. S.

doi:10.21608/jpp.2006.236111

ANTHER CULTURE AS A TECHNIQUE TO REGENERATE HOMOZYGOUS WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza.

² Plant Physiology Section, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture. Cairo Unvi., Giza.

³ National Gene Bank and Genetic Resources (NGBGR), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Giza.

10.21608/jpp.2006.236111

Abstract

Eleven wheat (Triticurn aestivum L.) genotypes were screened for salinity
tolerance. Seeds were germinated under six salinity levels (0 — 12000 ppm) with
quarter strength of Hogland solution. Sea salt was used as a source for salinity. Three
genotypes, i.e. Sids 1, Sakha 8 and line 25 were selected for performing crosses
among the salinity tolerant (Sids 1 and Sakha B) and the salinity sensitive Line 25.
Three crosses were conducted between the selected genotypes and their F1 plants
were grown to obtain their anthers. Anther culture was used as a breeding technique
to obtain pure lines in a short time. P-48 medium was used for callus induction. Great
differences were observed in callus induction among the anthers of the three crosses.
Embryogenic callus induction reached 10.1, 61.9 and 51.4 % for hybrid 1 (Sids 1 x
Sakha 8), hybrid 2 (Sakha 8 X Line 25), and hybrid 3 ( Sakha 8 X Line 25),
reSpectively. Plant regeneration medium 190-2 was used. Frequency of regenerated
plants reached 1.4, 8.5, and 9.0 % for crosses 1, 2, and 3, reSpectively. Root tips of
regenerated plants were cytologically examined to determine their ploidy level. All the
examined plants were haploid type. Haploid plants were treated by colchicine for
chromosome doubling. The doubled haploid plants reached 22.3, 24.4, and 22.1 % for
crosses 1, 2 and 3 respectively.