Baiuomy,, M., Shalaby, L. (2006). DISEASES OF Nigefla sativa AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT. Journal of Plant Production, 31(8), 5039-5058. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2006.236100
M. A. M. Baiuomy,; l. A. Shalaby. "DISEASES OF Nigefla sativa AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT". Journal of Plant Production, 31, 8, 2006, 5039-5058. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2006.236100
Baiuomy,, M., Shalaby, L. (2006). 'DISEASES OF Nigefla sativa AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT', Journal of Plant Production, 31(8), pp. 5039-5058. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2006.236100
Baiuomy,, M., Shalaby, L. DISEASES OF Nigefla sativa AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT. Journal of Plant Production, 2006; 31(8): 5039-5058. doi: 10.21608/jpp.2006.236100
DISEASES OF Nigefla sativa AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN EGYPT
1Plant Pathology Res. inst. . Agriculture Research Center Giza Egypt
2Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Res. Sta... Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Abstract
Surveying the crop plantations (2003 at 2004) in the four governorates, showed
that in Qalubia governorate diseases incidence percentage of Nigelia saliva was
higher than those in the other governorates.
isolation trials from plants yielded Fusarium oxysporum, Fmoniliforme, F.
semifecium. F. solani, Macrophomina phaseolina. Pythiumuilimum and
Rhizocloniasolani. While, they yielded Alternan'a. alternate. Aspergiiius flavus, F.
oxysporum, F. moniiiforme, F. semiteclum ,Fsolanr' , Mucor sp..Penicriiium sp, and
Rhizopus stolenifer from the seeds
Pathogenicity test, indicated that F. oxysporum , F. moniiiforme M. phaseolina,
P. ultimum and Rsolanl were the most virulent fungi , while, F. semrteclum, F. solani
were the least ones. Also, A. alternate caused clearly pod blight under greenhouse
conditions .
Three recommended chemical fungicides ,i.e. Rizolex T, Topsin M and Vitavax
Thiram were compared with two biocides ,i.e. Plant Guard and Rhizo N; two
biofertilizers ,i.e. Cerealin and Rizobacrtreln ;and four plant essential oils active
ingredients (Al) ; i.e. Anisoie, Citrai, Menthol and Thymol {as seed dressing
treatments) for control the causal pathogens of Nigella saliva in Miro and in Vivo,
except of biocides and biofertilizers were tested in vivo only .
in 1llitro ,all treatments at 3000 ppm completely inhibited the mycelial growth of
the six tested fungi .Aiso, Topsin M, Citrai and Thymol at2000ppm completely
inhibited the myceiial growth of Fusarium oxysporum and F. moniiiforme .
in greenhouse Vitavax Thiram (3g/kg seeds) completely prevented damping ~
off diseases of N. saliva (100%) caused by all the tested fungi, except of F.
oxysporum and Macrophomina phaseoiina. Also, Rhizo N completely prevented
damping — off disease caused by P. uiirmum. While, Thymol (3000ppm) at the rate of
50mi7i<g seeds gave the same results against F. soiani and P. uiiimum. On the
contrast Cerealin at the rate 150gii<g seeds and Menthol (3000ppm) at the rate
50ml7kg seeds were the least efficient for controlling damping — off diseases of
N.saliva.
Also, under field conditions experimental in naturally infested soil, and in the
both seasons, Topsin M (3gikg seeds) Rhizo N( 4gikg seeds); Rlzobactrein (150 gikg
seeds); Anisoie and Thymol (50ml7kg seeds) gave percentages of infection
reductions by (93.33%— 92.56%) and (68.69%-9‘i.19%) ', (80.0%*77.T%) and (60.53%-
76.56%) ; (609796-626496) and (69.42%-64.86%) ; (69.97%-61.95%) and (68.69%-
67.68%) and (66.67% - 77.50%) and (33.33% - 76.58%) after 30 and 60 days of
sowing date and in the both experimental seasons, respectively .
Under field conditions, all treatments increased percentages of fresh and dry
weight, number of pods, plant heigh. seed and oil yield compared with the control
treatment. Fungicides followed by Rhizo N ,Anisole and Thymol were the best
treatments for plant growth, while Cerealin and Menthol were the least active
treatment in this respect. '
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