Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301RESPONSE OF COW PEA TO APPLICATION OF K AND FARMYARD MANURE UNDER NEW VALLEY CONDITIONS1675169016464910.21608/jpp.2008.164649ENT. K.Abdel-AzizForage Res. Department, FCRI, ARC, Giza, Egypt.N. M.HamedForage Res. Department, FCRI, ARC, Giza, Egypt.Sh. A.AboEl-GoudForage Res. Department, FCRI, ARC, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210417Two field experiments were conducted at the New Valley Agriculture Research Station, ARC, during the two successive seasons; 2006 and 2007 to study the effect of varying rates and timing of K and farmyard manure (FYM) applications on forage yield and quality of cow pea local cultivar. The experimental design was arranged in split- split plot with three replications. The study included two time of K application (during and after 21 days from sowing), four K fertilizer rates (0, 50,100, and 150 kg K<sub>2</sub>O /fad.) in the form of potassium sulphate and four FYM rates (0, 10, 20 and 30 m<sup>3</sup>/fad.). Results indicated significant differences between treatments. The results showed that application of 150 kg K<sub>2</sub>O/fad. with 30 m<sup>3</sup> FYM mixture when K was adding during sowing caused significant increases in the total fresh and dry forage yields as compared with application of 150 kg K<sub>2</sub>O/fad. with 30 m<sup>3</sup> FYM mixture when K was adding after 21 days from sowing. These increases amounted 37.40, 36.38 and 39.35, 33.08 %, respectively. Meanwhile the same treatment caused significant increases in the total crude protein yield, K, P and Ca uptake. These increases amounted 51.56, 46.47, 80.40 and 39.07 %, respectively.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301PERFORMANCE OF SOME FABA BEAN BAT FREE CAGE CONDITIONS1691170216465210.21608/jpp.2008.164652ENE. M.RabieFood Legumes Res. Dep., FCRI, ARC., Giza, Egypt.Sabah M.AttiaFood Legumes Res. Dep., FCRI, ARC., Giza, Egypt.M. M.El-HadyFood Legumes Res. Dep., FCRI, ARC., Giza, Egypt.A. A. M.AshreiFood Legumes Res. Dep., FCRI, ARC., Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210417Twenty-seven diversity faba bean (<em>Vicia faba L.</em>) genotypes were used to explore the potentiality of these genotypes and to investigate caging effects. The influence of insect free cage on performance of different studied characters was estimated as percentages of the insect free cage values to their corresponding open field ones. Results indicated that caged grown plants were taller, and produced lesser number of branches. The caged plants produced lower number of pods, seeds and seed yield/plant comparing genotypes under open field. In general all characters were more depressed by caging except flowering and ripening as well as plant height. High heritability values in broad sense were detected under open field and caged conditions for plant height, number of pods and 100-seed weight .Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BARLEY GERMPLASM IN NATIONAL GENE BANK GENETIC RESOURCES IN EGYPT1703171916465610.21608/jpp.2008.164656ENA. A.HamadaNational Gene Bank and Genetic Resources, Field Crops DepartmentR. M.KalafNational Gene Bank and Genetic Resources, Field Crops DepartmentM. A.KhalifaNational Gene Bank and Genetic Resources, Field Crops DepartmentJournal Article20210417The present study two field experiments material comprised of one thousand and twelve genotypes of barley during 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 seasons to study characterize and evaluate the 1012 accessions for important agronomic and morphological traits which could be used in barley breeding ..
Grain yield of accessions of two and six rowed barley was normally nearly 27% of the two rowed had yield higher than 8-11 g ,but only 26 % of the six rowed type .Over 17 % of the six rowed type fell in the class 16- 19 g against 16 % in the same class .Although 6- rowed type predominate in Egypt barley cultivation ,the above result suggests that six rowed barley could be introduced successfully .
The interrelationships showed positive and significant phenotypic correlation between barley grain yield /plant and each of plant height ,spike length ,number of kernels /spike ,100 kernel weight and number of spikes /plant in the six and two rowed barley .However the phenotypic correlation of grain yield /plant with each of flag leaf glaucosty sheath ,ear glaucosty and grain speculation of inner lateral nerves of dorsal were negative and significant in the six rowed barley .
The path analysis showed that the number of spikes /plant , number of kernels /spike and 100 kernel weight had high direct effect and /or indirect effect through each others on grain yield /plant ,so, the barley breeder might take them into consideration in the selection programs aiming to improve new barley .Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF THREE SOWING DATES ON DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR EGYPTIAN COTTON VARIETIES1721173616466510.21608/jpp.2008.164665ENSohair D.ElyanFac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt.Amany M.AbdalahFac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt.Sawsan A.El-SsadiFac. of Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20210417This investigation was carried out at the Agricultural Experiment and Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University during 2001 and 2002 seasons to study the effect of three sowing dates (25 March, 10 April and 25 April) on four Egyptian cotton cultivars (Giza 70, Giza 80, Giza 83 and Giza 89).
<strong>The results obtained could be summarized as follows: </strong>
- Plant height decreased as sowing date delayed. Giza 70 gave the tallest plants.
- Sowing on 25 March and Giza 83 variety gave the best values of position 1<sup>st</sup> sympodial, branches/plant, No. of sympodial branches/plant, seed index, lint percentage and seed cotton yield/feddan .
- Delayed sowing date (25 April) and Giza 83 gave the lowest values for number of days from sowing to 1<sup>st</sup> bloom and 1<sup>st</sup> open boll. While Giza 70 gave the highest boll weight with delayed sowing date.
- Early sowing date (25 March) with Giza 83 and Giza 89 varieties gave the highest values of fiber length at 2.5 % span length, fiber strength, fiber stiffness, fiber toughness and yarn strength.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF FOLIAR POTASSIUM, MAGNESIUM AND BORON ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris, L.)GROWING IN NEW RECLAIMED SOILS1737174616466810.21608/jpp.2008.164668ENA. S.Abo El-HamdDept. Agron., Fac. Agric. Al-Azhar Univ., Assiut.A. A.EsmailDept. Environ., Fac. Agric. El-Minia UniversityJournal Article20210417Tow Field Experiments were carried out at EL-Itizaz village, Samalout district, EL-Minia Governorate, Egypt during 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons to study the effect of foliar with potassium, magnesium and boron individaly and combined on yield and quality of sugar beet. The experiment included 15 treatments which were the combinations of two levels from each of foliar potassium 1 and 2 Liter 36% K<sub>2</sub>O/fed, with 5.4 and 10.8 kg MgSo<sub>4</sub>/fed, boron (10 and 20 mg boric acid<strong>/</strong>fed) and control (foliar spray with water). These treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications.
The obtained results indicated that spraying beet plants with K, Mg or boron either solely or in combinations significantly increased root length, root diameter, root and foliage fresh weights per plant as well as roots, top and sugar yields/fed. The highest values of this traits resulted from the combinations between the three elements at higher concentrations. Also, foliar spray with Mg individual and the combinations between the three elements took the same trend for root/top ratio in both seasons. On the other hand, control treatment (without spraying) gave the maximum averages of sucrose and TSS percentages, while the highest values of purity% resulted from foliar spray with the combinations between K, Mg or B at lower concentrations in both seasons.
It, could be concluded that under the conditions of this study the highest roots and sugar yields can be produced by using foliar spray with the combinations.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EVALUATION OF SOME WHITE MAIZE INBRED LINES FOR COMBINING ABILITY BASED ON TOP-CROSSES1747176016467110.21608/jpp.2008.164671ENH. M. A.Abd El-GhanyField Corps Research Dept., National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.M. M. A.OsmanMaize Department, Field Corps Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptMoshera S. E.SadekMaize Department, Field Corps Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20210417Nine white maize inbred lines <em>i.e</em>., Gm 305, Gm 309, Gm 310, Gm 315, Gm 316, Gm 317, Gm 318, Gm 319 and Gm 320 were developed at Gemmeiza (Gm) Agricultural Research Station and top-crossed with three inbred line testers <em>i</em>.<em>e</em>., Gm 30, Sd 7 and Sd 63 during 2006 summer season at Gemmeiza Station. Twenty seven top crosses and three commercial checks single crosses 10, 122 and 129 were evaluated in replicated field trials at Gemmeiza and Sakha Agricultural Research Station, ِِِAgriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt during 2007 summer season. Mean performance, General (GCA) and Specific (SCA) combining abilities as well as proportion association of all inbred lines and testers lines and their interaction were estimated for, days to 50% silking, plant and ear heights, ear kernels number of per, 100-kernel weight and grain yield characters. The obtained results showed; highly significant differences among lines, testers and lines x testers for most of the studied traits. Highly significant differences were found between locations, locations x lines and locations x testers. Some of promising lines showed significantly positive GCA effects under both locations. Tester inbred line Sd 7 was found to be the best general combiner for high yielding ability followed by Gm 30 inbred line. However, the tested inbred lines Gm 319, Gm 305, Gm 309 and Gm 320 were significantly and respectively better general combiner for grain yield ability. The top cross Gm 320 x Sd 7 was significantly better than the commercial S.C.10 by (4.27 ard/fed). However, seven top crosses <em>i.e.</em>, Gm 318 x Sd 7, Gm 309 x Sd 7, Gm 318 x Gm 30, Gm 310 x Sd 7, Gm 310 x Sd 63, Gm 316 x Sd 7 and Gm 305 x Sd 63 were significantly better than the control single crosses 122 (30.02 ard/fed), 129 (29.26 ard/fed) with productivity of 37.08, 36.90, 36.83, 36.28, 35.88 and 34.40 ard/faddan, respectively with significant positive SCA effects for grain yield. Therefore, these eight crosses should be going to advanced testing steps for releasing as new white single crosses.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TWO SUNFLOWER VARIETIES1761177016467310.21608/jpp.2008.164673ENH. M.AbdEl-GhanyField Corps Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.M. E.IbrahimAgronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minufiya Univ., Egypt.Manal F.MohamedField Corps Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210417This work carried out during 2006 and 2007 summer seasons at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, MinufiyaUniversity in a spilt plot arrangement with three replications. To investigate the effect of some different types of plant density treatments <em>i.e</em>., 17000, 35000 and 70000 plants per faddan, with different space of culture, on growth, yield and its components and quality characteristics of two sunflower (<em>Helianthus annuus,</em> L.) varieties <em>i.e</em>., Vitoflower and Earoflower, which grown under two different plant spacing and number of plant per hill.
The application of the various tested plant density treatments caused significant differences in all studied traits except most of flowering date and oil percentage. The treatment of 17500 plants per feddan when sown in 60 × 40 cm with one plant per hill gave the highest values for the most vegetative growth, yield and its components as well as oil yield.
Variety Vitoflower was better than cv. Earoflower in all studied characters <em>i. e</em>. vegetative growth, seed yield per plant and oil percentage; on the opposite the variety Earoflower gave the highest values of head diameter and 100-seed weight traits which lead to increase seed and oil yields per feddan.
The maximum sunflower seed production with good quality was obtained by the application of the interaction between plant density 17500 plants per feddan (when sown in 60 × 40 cm space of culture with one plant per hill) and variety Earoflower.
It can be concluded from this study that, the optimum plant population for the achievement of maximum yield of sunflower under the conditions of this study lies between 17500 plants per feddan with 60 x 40 cm space of culture and 3500 plants per feddan with 60 x 20 cm space of culture and single plant per hill.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ARGININE AND PUTRESCINE ON GROWTH, YIELD AND SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) GROWN IN NEWLY RECLAIMED SANDY SOIL.1771178116467610.21608/jpp.2008.164676ENM. HozaynField Crop Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Mona G.DawoodBotany Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Mervat Sh.SadakBotany Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210417Field trials were conducted during two successive seasons of 2005/06 and 2006/07 at the Agricultural Production and Research Station, National Research Centre, El Nubaria Province, El Behaira Governorate, Egypt. The trials aimed to study the effect of arginine and putrescine as soaking (0.1 & 0.2 mM) and spraying (10 & 20 mM) treatments on faba bean grown in newly reclaimed sandy soil. The results indicated that, all applied treatments were effective in improving growth parameters; photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrate contents of faba bean shoot. Moreover, significant increase in yield and yield components were reported due to the treatments and the most promising treatment was soaking with 0.1 mM arginine. Chemical constituents of faba bean seeds i.e., total carbohydrates; polysaccharides; free amino acids; total soluble-N; protein and vicine contents were also increased. This study shows that putrescine and its precursor (arginine) treatments could effectively increase photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrates and protein content of faba bean as well as yield and yield components .Thus faba bean quality and quantity could improve in such low fertility soils. Moreover, the increase in vicine content could play an important role in protecting the yielded seeds against seed pests.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301RESPONSE OF GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD QUALITY OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) TO ASCORBIC ACID OR NICOTINAMIDE APPLICATION IN NEWLY RECLAIMED SOIL1783179716467710.21608/jpp.2008.164677ENMervat Sh.SadakBotany Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.M. H.MahmodField Crop Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Mona G.DawoodBotany Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210417Two field experiments were carried out during two successive seasons of 2005/06 and 2006/07 at the Agricultural Production and Research Station, National Research Centre, El Nubaria Province, El Behaira Governorate, Egypt. The experiments aimed to study the effect of ascorbic acid or nicotinamide as soaking grains with 10 and 20 mg/l or as foliar spraying with ascorbic acid at 100 and 200 mg/l or nicotinamide at 25 and 50 mg/l on wheat plants. The results indicated that, different treatments of ascorbic acid or nicotinamide induced increments regarding plant height, dry weight, relative water content (RWC) as well as photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids) compared with control plants. Moreover, the applied treatments increased yield and yield component traits (spike length, spike weight, spikelets and grains number/spike, grains weight/spike, spikes number/m<sup>2</sup>, 1000-grains weight as well as grains; straw and biological yield (ton/fed). Also, the results showed increases in polysaccharide, total carbohydrates, total soluble-N and crude protein contents of the yielded grains. Moreover, application of ascorbic acid or nicotinamide increased amino acid content compared with control plants. The predominant amino acids were glutamic acid and proline. This study reveals that pre-soaking or spraying of wheat plants with ascorbic acid or nicotinamide could effectively enhance growth and increase productivity of plant as well as improving the chemical constituents of the yielded grains. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF SOWING METHODS AND WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF WHEAT1799180916467910.21608/jpp.2008.164679ENA. E. A.IsmailWeed Res. Lab, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptA. A. O.FakkarWeed Res. Lab, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptK. A.HamamAgronomy Dept., Fac. Agric., Sohag Univ., Sohag, EgyptJournal Article20210417Two field experiments were conducted during 2004/05 and 2005/06 seasons at Shandaweel agriculture research station, Sohag governorate, Egypt to study the effect of four sowing methods (broadcasting, afir drilling, Herati and Afir in ridges) and three weed control treatments (Brominal & Topik herbicide, hand weeding and unweeeded control) on growth, yield and yield components of wheat cultivar Giza 168. Split plot design with three replications was used. The results indicated that sowing methods had no significant affects on dry weight of annual weeds in both seasons except narrow and total weeds in second season.Herati and Afir drill methods reduced dry weight of narrow and total weeds by 27.6, 24.9, 25.8 and 20.0 %, respectively in second season, as compared toAfir broadcast method. Weed control treatments had significant affect on dry weight of annual weeds in both seasons, as compared to weedy check. Hand weeding twice andBrominal + Topik reduced dry weight of annual broad, narrow and total weeds by (92.9 &94.8), (91.4 & 93.1) and (93.0 & 91.9%), respectively in the first season and by (99.3 &97.4), (98.8 & 99.2) and (98.9 & 98.7%),, respectively in second season, compared to untreated treatment. Sowing methods had no significant influence onyield and its componentinboth seasons exceptplant height, spike length and straw yield (ton/fed.) in second season and number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup> and grain yield (ard./fed) in both seasons. For grain yield (ard./fed), the highest values were obtained from Herati method by 11.3 and 14.2 ard./fed compared with Afir broadcast and Afir in ridges methods by 6.8 and 7.0 ard./fed, respectively, in both seasons. All weed control treatments exerted a significant influence on yield and its componentinboth seasons except spike length and grain weight/ spike in second season. The highest values of wheat grain yield (ard/fed) was from application hand weeding twice and Brominal plus Topik by 11.4, 10.3, 12.1 and 11.7 ard./fed. compared with weedy check (6.5 and 7.7 ard/fed), respectively, in both seasons. All interactionsbetween sowing methods and weed control treatments had no significant effects on all studied charactersinboth seasons except dry weight of narrow and total weeds (g/m<sup>2</sup>) in second season, number of spikes/m<sup>2 </sup>in both seasons and wheat grain yield (ard/fed) in first season. From this investigation can concluded that using herati or afir drill sowing methods with hand weeding or brominal +Topik gave the highest reduction of weeds and increase wheat grain yield. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301USE OF ISOZYME ELECTROPHORESIS TO DIFFERENTIATE AMONG ISOLATES OF Macrophomina phaseolina1909192513166110.21608/jpp.2008.131661ENA. A.AlyPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.M. A.Abdel-SattarDept. of Agric. Bot., Faculty of Agric., Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt.M. R.OmarPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201222The banding patterns of malate dehydrogenase (EC1.1.1.37), glycerol dehydrogenase (EC1.1.1.72), peroxidase (EC1.11.1.7), esterase (EC3.1.1.1), and acid phosphatase (EC3.1.3.2) were determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for 28 isolates of <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em>. A total of 96 phenotypes was detected for all the enzymes. Esterase gave the greatest number of polymorphic banding patterns. Cluster analysis of the isozyme banding patterns by the unweighted pair-group method based on arithmetic means placed the isolates in several groups; however, geographic origin of the isolates or source (host) did not exhibit clear correlation with the isozyme electrophoretic grouping results.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301USE OF ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIPS TO DIFFERENTIATE AMONG ISOLATES OF Macrophomina phaseolina AND TO STUDY THEIR PATHOGENICITY ON COTTON1927194213166410.21608/jpp.2008.131664ENE. M.HusseinPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. A.AlyPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.M. A.Abdel-SattarDept. of Agric. Bot., Faculty of Agric., Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt.M. R.OmarPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201222 Isolates of <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em> were classified into groups by cluster analysis based on their antigenic composition; however, grouping the isolates was not related to their virulence, geographic origin, or host. Cotton cultivar Giza 75 and the most pathogenic isolates from cotton were placed in a separate cluster based on their antigenic composition. The relationship between common antigens, shared by Giza 75 and cotton isolates, and pathogenicity of these isolates was quantified by correlation and regression analyses. There was a positive significant correlation (r = 0.91, p < 0.05) between simple matching coefficient (SSM), established between <em>M. phaseolina </em>isolates and Giza 75, and pathogenicity of the isolates on this cultivar. The regression model indicated that SSM accounted for 84% of the total variation in pathogenicity of the isolates. These results imply that the common antigenic determinants shared by cotton and <em>M. phaseolina</em> isolates are related to severity of charcoal rot.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301تأثیر السمیة الخلویة لبعض المبیدات المخلقة والحیویة على نبات الفول البلدى1943195813166610.21608/jpp.2008.131666ENعماد عبد القادرحسن- المعمل المرکزی للزراعة العضویة- مرکز البحوث الزراعیة- الجیزة – مصرعبد التواب محمدعطا- قسم الوراثة- کلیة الزراعة- جامعة المنیا – مصر.حسن أحمد حسنسلطانقسم الوراثة- کلیة الزراعة- جامعة المنیا – مصر.Journal Article20201222The laboratory and field experiments were carried out to estimate the cytotoxic effects of two synthetic and two bio-fungicides on parents, F1 and F2 faba bean plants. Data obtained from the direct treatment repeated experiments showed that both synthetic inorganic and bio-fungicides have lethal effects on all seeds so the recovery treatments were applied to study their effects on mitotic behaviour of <em>Vicia</em> <em>faba</em> parent and their F1 and F2 plants. Data showed that mitotic index (MI) values of almost all plants (seeds) treated with the three different concentrations of Dithane and Rizolex fungicides at different exposuring times were significantly lower than those of control plants. Seeds treated with 4 gm/L Dithane at 12 h exhibited the lowest value of MI (4.87%) while that value of seeds treated with Rizolex (3g/L at 24 h) was the lowest one at all (3.65%). In general, most treatments with two bio-fungicides exhibited significantly lower MI values than that of control. The MI of the treatments of Blight Stop (1.5% at 24h) and Clean Root (10% at 24h) were the lowest values 7.68% and 6.95% respectively. Values of MI of F1 seeds exhibited slight increasing than those of the parent treatments of both synthetic and bio-fungicides. On the other hand, the MI of F1 plants of the Rizolex (synthetic fungicide) were significantly lower than that of the control and it was the lowest one at all.
It was clearly observed that the treated plants exhibited significant total percentage of chromosomal aberrations except treatments of 6h at the lower two concentrations of both Dithane and Rizolex. The treatment of Dithane at 12h with the three concentrations induced a highest percentage value of chromosomal aberrations (19.7%and 19.8%) when compared with control plants. There was no significant increase in the percentages of total chromosomal abnormalities among the two bio-fungicides (Blight Stop and Clean Root) and that of the control. The values of total abnormal cells of F1 and F2 exhibited highly decrease than those of the parent treatments (both synthetic and bio-fungicides). There were no significant differences between treated and control plants in chiasma frequency/cell for all used fungicides. The treated parent plants with synthetic fungicides (Diathane and Rizolex) have a significant proportion of abnormal pollen mother cells (10.01% and 10.06%, respectively) than those of control and treated plants with bio-fungicides and there was a significant difference of the total abnormal (PMCs) in F1 plants between synthetic fungicides Dithane and Rizolex (8.68% and 10.304% respectively) compared with control (3.54%), On contrast, there was no significant effects in the percentage of total abnormal (PMCs) between bio-fungicides Blight Stop and Clean Root (5.494% and 2.587% respectively) and control plants. It could be concluded that from the cytogentical point of view the use of bio-fungicides as an alternative agricultural material in spite of the synthetic pesticides may become very safe.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF INTERCROPPING SOYBEAN AND MAIZE ON SOYBEAN DAMPING-OFF DISEASE AND RELEVANT EFFECT ON THE RHIZOSPHERE MICROORGANISMS AND ANTAGONISTIC MICROBES1959197013166810.21608/jpp.2008.131668ENNagwa M. A.MahmoudPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Egypt.K. M.MorsyPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Egypt.M. M.MazenPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Egypt.Journal Article20201222The total numbers of actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria were lower in the single crop system of soybean or maize at Sakha and Itay El-Baroud Agriculture Research Stations. The most antagonisticmicroorganisms were selected and identified as <em>Trichderma viride; Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. High numbers of total counted microorganisms were found in the system pattern (2 rows soybean: 2 rows maize) followed by (2 rows soybean: one row free, one row maize (2:1). The total counts of fungi and bacteria were higher under sole cropping condition in maize (soybean 0:4 maize), than sole cropping of soybean (soybean4:0 maize). However, actinomycetes showed some differences than this trend. Generally, the numbers were increased by time from seedling stage to flowering stage, and then decreased or become almost stable at mature stage. The antagonism between the pathogenic fungi and each of bioagents indicated that <em>B. subtilis</em> showed the highest reduction in linear growth followed by<em> T. viride </em>while, <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. showed the lowest reduction. <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> was the most effective bioagent in the reduction of pre-and post-emergence damping-off and increased survival plants percentages followed by <em>T. viride</em>, while the <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. was the least effective. Effect of soybean-maize intercropping system on soybean damping-off disease under field experiment indicated that the highest incidence was observed in 3:1 soybean: maize pattern while, 2:1 was the lowest disease incidence compared with other intercropping systems. The mono crop system of each soybean alone or maize alone resulted in the highest yield (kg/plot) in the two locations. While the yield of both soybean and maize in the four systems of intercropping <em>i.e.</em> (3:1, 2:2, 2:1 and 1:1) was higher as Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) in the system of 2:1compared with 3:1 system.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301CHARACTRIZATION OF ANASTOMOSIS GROUPS AND EVALUATION OF PATHOGENICTY OF Rhizoctonia solani ISOLATES INVOLVED IN FLAX SEEDLING BLIGHT.1985199513571310.21608/jpp.2008.135713ENOla G.El-HawaryPlant Path. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.M. R.OmarPlant Path. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.E. M.HusseinPlant Path. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. A.MosaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo11241, Egypt.M. H.MostafaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo11241, Egypt.Journal Article20210105orty eight isolates of <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> were obtained from flax seedlings showed seedling blight. Anastmosis tests revealed that 12 isolates (25%) belonged to AG-2, while 36 isolates (75%) belonged to AG-4. Pathogenicity test on flax cultivar Shkha 1, under greenhouse conditions, showed that the pathogenic isolates in the pre-emergence stage represented 91.67 and 77.72% within AG-2 and AG-4, respectively. However, the pathogenic isolates of AG-4 representing 58.23% of the total isolates as well as the highest percentage of the pathogenic isolates (71.79%). This observations held true in the case of plant height and dry weight. These results indicate that both AGs 2 and 4 are important in the etiology of flax seedling blight. The importance of AG-2 is due to its high virulence, while the importance of AG-4 is due to its high prevalence .Cluster analysis suggested that, within each AG, isolates could be separated into subgroups with specific virulence patterns.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301PLANT GROWTH, METABOLISM AND ADAPTATION IN RELATION TO STRESS CONDITIONS: XXVIII. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF UV RADIATION ON GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY OF GERMINATING BROAD BEANS.1971188313567910.21608/jpp.2008.135679ENM. E.YounisDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.M. N. A.HasaneenDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Heba M.Abd-elAzizDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Journal Article20210105Exposure of broad bean seedlings either germinated in dark conditions and/or in light conditions (40 W, low intensity and 160 W; high intensity) during germination to UV-A<sub>365nm</sub> and UV-C<sub>254nm</sub> for one hour daily throughout the entire period of the experiment (six days), led to significant decrease in all growth parameters determined (length of radicle, length of plumule, water content, fresh weight and dry weight) as compared with control seedlings. Significant changes were observed in the amount and in the relative composition of photosynthetic parameters (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a+b, Chl a/b, Cars, Total pigments) of the variously treated broad beans in relation to control samples. Photosynthetic activity expressed in the present work as the reduction of 2,6-DCPIP (PS II activity) of the differently treated broad beans showed variable significant changes as compared with control seedlings throughout the entire period of the experiment. These results are discussed mainly on the basis of the mechanism of action of UV radiation on growth and metabolic changes in broad beans during germination in dark or in light conditions.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF NITROGEN LEVEL, SEED MOISTURE CONTENT AND STORAGE PERIODS ON THE FUNGAL SEED DISCOLORATION IN SOME RICE CULTIVARS1997201313575110.21608/jpp.2008.135751ENS. M.El-WahshRice Pathol. Dept., Plant Pathol. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.S. A.FayzallaPlant Pathol. Dept. Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.A. A.HassanRice Pathol. Dept., Plant Pathol. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.Journal Article20210105Experiments were carried out at Rice Research and TrainingCenter during 2004 growing season and storage period from October 2004 to March 2006. The study aimed to investigate the effect of grain storage periods with different levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 23, 46 and 69 Kg N/ fed.) or storage moisture content of 14, 16, 18 and 20 % on discolored grains, fungal association and seed germination. The results showed that percentage of discolored grain and fungal association with rice grains increased by increasing storage periods regardless to the moisture content. On the other hand, seed germination decreased with the increase of storage period. Two types of bags were used to store the grains (striped plastic and jute sacks). The percentage of grain discoloration and associated fungi increased in striped plastic than in the jute sacks. The discoloration percentage and associated fungi on stored grains increased under 0 and 69 compared with 46 or 23 nitrogen levels. Giza 177 was the most affected cultivar with previous nitrogen levels, followed by Sakha 101, while, Giza 178 was the least one. Concerning the effect of rice grain moisture content with storage period on rice cultivars, data showed that the discoloration percentage increased with increasing of grain moisture content, while the germination percentage decreased. Giza177 and Sakha 104 were the most affected cultivars showing the highest discoloration percentage, associating fungi and the least germination. <em>Alternaria </em>spp, <em>Bipolaris oryzae</em> and <em>Fusarium </em>spp, were the most common fungi on grains before storage, while after 16 months of storage, the common fungi were <em>Aspergillus</em> spp and <em>Penicillium</em> spp. Presence of <em>Rhizopus</em> spp was the least one. In the greenhouse, eleven fungi were used for artificial inoculation on Giza 177. <em>Bipolaris oryzae</em> induced the highest grain discoloration (58.6 %) followed by <em>Alternaria</em> <em>padwickii</em>. and <em>Curvularia lunata</em> with 51.3 and 48.2 %, respectively. While <em>Aspergillus</em> spp and <em>Penicillium </em>spp. and un-inoculated pots showed the least grain discoloration with 2.2, 1.9 and 1.5 %, respectively. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF VARIOUS TYPES AND RATES OF ORGANIC MANURES ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, PIGMENTS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LEAVES, YIELD AND SPEAR PIGMENTS OF BROCCOLI.2045206013575310.21608/jpp.2008.135753ENH. A.HosseinHort. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptJournal Article20210105Two Field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal university during the winter seasons of 2004-2005 and 2005-2006 to study the effect of three types of organic manures, i.e poultry manure, cattle manure and sheep manure in comparison with conventional fertilization (cattle manure + mineral NPK) on broccoli vegetative growth, leaves chemical composition, leaf pigments, yield and its components and spear pigments. The organic manures and conventional fertilization (cattle manure + mineral nitrogen fertilizer) were applied according to their content of nitrogen at three rates: 100, 140 and 180kg N/feddan.
The obtained results indicated that conventional fertilization gave the highest values of stem length; stem diameter; stem weight; number of leaves per plant; both fresh and dry weights of leaves; chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents of leaves, N, P and K contents of leaves; main spear diameter; main spear weight; main spear yield (Ton/Fed); average side spear diameter; number of side spear per plant; side spears yield per plant; side spears yield (Ton/Fed); total yield; chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents of main spear. The second fertilizer with positive increase in the previous parameters was poultry manure followed by cattle manure then sheep manure. The previous parameters except number of leaves per plant were increased with increasing the rate of manure application providing N-level from 100 to 180Kg/Fed. The conventional fertilization containing 180kg N/Fed recorded the highest values of stem length; stem diameter; stem weight; number of leaves per plant; both fresh and dry weights of leaves; chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, contents of leaves; N, P, and K contents of leaves and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids of main spear, while conventional fertilization containing 140kg N/Fed gave the highest values of yield and its components.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301IMPROVING QUALITY OF "THOMPSON SEEDLESS" GRAPES BY MEANS OF CANOPY MANAGEMENT2061207413576010.21608/jpp.2008.135760ENIsis A.RizkHort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Egypt.Mervat S.Rizk-AllaHort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Egypt.Enas S.AbbasHort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Egypt.Journal Article20210105This research was carried out for three successive seasons: (2005, 2006 and 2007) on 10-year old Thompson Seedless grapevines supported by telephone system in a private vineyard located at Namol (Kalubia Governorate). Bud load was 10 canes × 14 buds per vine. The vines were characterized by having crowded vegetative growth, considerably, low yield and inferior quality of grapes. During January 2005 weight of one year old wood was measured as an indicator for vine vigor. Sixty vines were chosen for this study, twelve vines (4 vines replicated 3 times). The treatments included bud load of (6 canes × 12 buds /vine) with summer pruning and without summer pruning, (8 canes × 12 buds /vine) with summer pruning or without and the control (10 canes × 14 buds /vine) (vineyard pruning treatments) without summer pruning. The same vines were used at the three seasons of the study. Canopy measurements were used to determine the vegetative density by inserting the point quadrant into the vegetative growth. Results of 2006 and 2007 seasons showed a higher percentage of gaps, higher chlorophyll content, greater leaf area and higher light intensity at the treatments having a low number of canes accompanied with summer pruning (disbudding, pinching and defoliation). Percentage of bud burst, percentage of fruitful buds and fertility coefficient were increased at the treatments with 6 canes × 12 buds, 8 canes × 12 buds and the control (10 canes × 14 buds /vine). Total yield/vine, bunch weight and total soluble solids % were increased at the treatment of 6 canes × 12 buds with summer pruning in comparison with the other treatments and the control. Pruning weight, and acidity of berry juice were found to decrease in these treatments. This could be due to the positive effect of canopy management on improving microclimate of the vines and decreasing number of crowded shoots as to permit aeration and light to enter in to the center of the vines.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301HOT AIR AND SALICYLIC ACID POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS ALTERNATIVE TO FUNGICIDE IN NAVEL ORANGES DURING SHELF LIFE2075208913576110.21608/jpp.2008.135761ENU. K.El-AbbasyHot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Tanta Univ.H. M.El-ZahabyAgric. Bot. Dept. Fac. Agric., Tanta Univ.Journal Article20210105Navel oranges were treated either with hot air at 45 <sup>o</sup>C for 30 min or dipped in salicylic acid solutions at 1000 and 2000 ppm concentrations for 15 min, whereas controlled fruits treated with 1400 ppm thiabendazol + 375 ppm imazalil fungicides. Fruits were held at 15 ± 2 <sup>o</sup>C and 80-85 % RH for 4 weeks; simulating shelf life period to examine the potential use of hot air as an environmentally benign and or salicylic acid as a natural and safe phenolic compound for maintaining oranges quality characteristics of fruits during their shelf life period.
Salicylic acid at 2000 ppm showed the highest marketable fruit percentage and lowest decayed percentage, after 4 weeks of shelf life period, without significant difference comparing with fungicide treatment. Marketable fruit percentage was decreased, however decayed fruits were increased by advancing shelf life period and heat treatment applied. Soluble solid content: acid ratio was significantly increased by 32.71 and 31.25 % after 4 weeks compared with 2 weeks shelf life period, but it was significantly decreased by 20.64 and 14.76 % as affected by heat treatment. Salicylic acid at 2000 ppm significantly decreased soluble solid content: acid ratio as a result of maintaining titratable acidity values. Electrolytic leakage percentage of fruit's peel was significantly decreased as affected by prolonging shelf life period and heat treatment. Salicylic acid (1000 & 2000 ppm) did not reduce either spore germination or mycelial radial growth of <em>Penicilium Digitatum</em> Sacc in vitro compared with postharvest fungicides (thiabendazole and imazalil) treatment. However, salicylic acid had almost the same protective action against postharvest decay of Navel oranges caused by <em>Penicilium digitatum</em>.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301CERDIBILITY OF ANALYSIS RESULTS OF MANGO FRUIT QUALITY IN RELATION TO DIVERSE METHODS OF COLOUR AND FIRMNESS EVALUATION2091210913576310.21608/jpp.2008.135763ENM. E.SobeihHorticulture Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza, EgyptAmira A.EI-HelalyHort. Res. Station Sabahia, Alex., Hort. Res. Ins., A.R.C., Giza, EgyptFatma E.IbrahimHorticulture Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza, EgyptJournal Article20210105Green mango fruits (<em>Mangifera indica</em> L.) cvs. (Ewais and Zebda) were harvested at proper stage of maturity. Fruits were ripened by acetylene gas and kept at 23°C <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 1 and 85% RH<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 2 for 8 days (analyzed every 2 days) or stored at 14°C or 18°C and 85% <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 2 RH for 3 weeks (analyzed weekly). Ewais and Zebda mango fruits characteristics were monitored by analyzing peel and pulp colour (<em>L</em>*,<em> a</em>*, <em>b</em>*, a/b , La/b, hue angle (<em>h</em><em>°</em>), chroma (<em>C</em>) and rating colour index), total soluble solids, total acidity and fruit firmness (by instrumental measurements or by sensory evaluation). a* value, La/b and hue of Ewais and Zebda (peel or pulp) proved to be credible and reliable criteria, due to their correlation coefficients (high negative or positive correlation between them and ripening parameters, a/b and La/b of peel and pulp). According to correlation coefficients test, it was impossible to rely on both b* value and chroma of Zebda peel or pulp. Firmness by hand (sensory evaluation) could be considered as a reliable and credible indicator for ripening progress of Ewais or Zebda mango fruits, because of its ability to evaluate firmness till the end of ripening stages, while instrumental methods could not read firmness at the final stages of ripening or directly before them. Results emphasized the benefit of sensory evaluation as an essential indicator for ripening progress of mango fruits.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301RESPONSE OF BASIL PLANTS TO DRIP IRRIGATION RATS AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS2111213113576410.21608/jpp.2008.135764ENE. A. M.El-MogyMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Section, A. R. C. EgyptR. M. M.YousefMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Section, A. R. C. EgyptS. G. I.SolimanMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Section, A. R. C. EgyptJournal Article20210105Drip irrigation rates and organic fertilizers influenced the vegetative growth and oil content of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plant cultivated in sandy soil, at the Experimental Farm of El-Quassasin Horticultural Research Station, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2005 and 2006. Water irrigation amount at 5096 m<sup>3</sup>/fed./season significantly increased the vegetative growth and essential oil yield/plant and feddan as compared with other rates. The poultry manure at 20 m<sup>3</sup>/fed. produced the highest values of vegetative growth (plant height, number of branches/plant, leaves/stems ratio, fresh and dry weight of herb/plant and per cut during season and the yield of fresh and dry weight of herb/fed. in the two seasons) as compared with the NPK and organic fertilization treatments. While cattle manure at the rate of 60 m<sup>3</sup>/fed. gave the highest essential oil yield/plant and fed. Irrigated basil plants with drip irrigation system at water amount of 5096 m<sup>3</sup>/fed./season combined with 20 m<sup>3</sup>/fed. poultry manure gave the best results of vegetative growth, while plants watered 5096 m<sup>3</sup>/fed./season combined with 60 m<sup>3</sup>/fed. cattle manure resulted in the highest essential oil yield/plant and feddan when compared to other combination treatments, in both seasons.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301BIOTECHNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON Solanum viride PLANT: A- IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF Solanum viride PLANT THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUE.2133214813576610.21608/jpp.2008.135766ENH. A.EmaraDept. of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Egypt.I. A.IbrahimDept. of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Egypt.M. H.EL-MassryDept. of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Horticulture Research Institute.A. A.DahabDept. of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Horticulture Research Institute.Journal Article20210105 Leaves of Green nightshade (<em>Solanum viride</em> Solander ex Forst. f.) family: <em>Solanaceae</em> were used as source of explants to start micropropagation. Leaves were successfully sterilized using the treatment of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at 1.0% that showed the highest percentage of survival without any contamination. The highest fresh weight of callus/explant was recorded when the leaf segments were cultured on MS media contained 0.5 mg/l BA and 1.5 mg/l NAA. Interestingly, some treatments recorded direct organogenesis (direct shoots and roots) from the leaf explants. The highest direct shoot formation was recorded with MS media supplemented with 2 mg/l BA alone. However, it was clear that all shoots obtained with the responded treatments were vitrified. Therefore, in a trial to obtain unvitrified shoots as indirect organogenesis through callus formation and differentiation, all indirect obtained shoots were vitrified except some shoots (4.7 % of them) obtained on MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BA alone. These unvitrified shoots were successfully acclimatized in soil mixture of sand and peatmoss (1:2, v: v) that showed the best growth and percentage of survival (95%).Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301BIOTECHNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON Solanum viride PLANT: B- IDENTIFICATION OF NEW CLONES THROUGH SOMACLONAL VARIATION OF Solanum viride PLANT, AND SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF VITRIFICATION.2149216416462410.21608/jpp.2008.164624ENH. A.EmaraDept. of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Egypt.I. A.IbrahimDept. of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Minufiya University, Egypt.M. H.EL-MassryDept. of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Horticulture Research Institute. Ministry of AgricultureA. A.DahabDept. of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Horticulture Research Institute. Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20210417Sixteen unvitrified shoots were produced through cell line technique on a recommended media (Emara <em>et al.</em> 2008). These media were, MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BA + 1.5 mg/l NAA for callus formation, and MS medium contained 1.0 mg/l BA for callus differentiation. The effect of number of subculture and the clone type on the growth and development of these clones was evaluated by subculturing the sixteen clones for five subcultures on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BA. Subculture number 3 significantly showed the highest shoot number, leaf number and fresh weight/plantlet compared to all other subcultures. Concerning the effect of the clone type, clones number 9 and 10 observed the highest response in the same parameters mentioned above. The obtained plantlets of all clones were successfully acclimatized. However, during the acclimatization, plantlets of clones 11 and 10 showed the highest responses of survival percentage (95% and 92.33, respectively), and clones 9 and 10 observed high responses in the other growth parameters (shoot and leaf number/plantlet and plantlet height). Interestingly, the RAPD analysis of nuclear DNA confirmed that all the sixteen clones were different from the mother plant. Moreover, most of these clones showed some differences between each other. Accordingly, recommendation can be raised as to produce unvitrified plantlets as new clones of green nightshade (<em>Solanum viride</em> Solander ex Forst. f.) through cell line technique. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COMPOST ON AIR AND SOIL BORNE DISEASES, VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND YIELD OF CUCUMBER UNDER PROTECTED CULTIVATION .2165217616462510.21608/jpp.2008.164625ENA. A.El-KafrawyPlant pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.E. A.RadwanHorticulture Res. Inst. Agri. Res. Center ,Giza,Egypt.Journal Article20210417 Greenhouse experiments has been conducted during 2006 and 2007 season at Sakha Greenhouse Station, Kafr El-Sheikh to study the impact of different compost levels (crop residuals) on damping-off caused by <em>Pythium ultimum, Fusarium solani </em>and<em> Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</em> on growth productivity and quality of cucumber as well as their effect on powdery and downy mildew diseases .The applied compost levels were 0.68, 1.36, 2.05, 2.73 and 3.41 kg/m<sup>2 </sup>while the control treatment was cattle manure fertilizers . Application of 0.68 and 1.36 kg/m<sup>2</sup> compost gave maximum protection against post emergence damping-off and reduced the disease incidence to 7.5 and 11.25%, respectively compared with the fungicide Topsin M<sub>70</sub>(1.25%). While, the compost levels of 2.73 & 3.41 kg/m<sup>2</sup> gave less effect in this respect. The levels of compost 0.68 &1.36 kg /m<sup>2</sup> were most effective in controlling powdery and downy mildew and 1.36 kg/m<sup>2</sup> recorded the best results of the plant growth, i.e. stem length, leaf area, number of branches and leaves, total chlorophyll as well as fresh and dry weight followed by the compost levels of 0.68, 2.73 and 3.41 kg/m<sup>2,</sup> respectively. Data also showed that the highest increased in cucumber yield , number of fruits, diameter and length of fruits had been achieved when compost at the rate of 2.05 and1.36 kg/m<sup>2</sup> were applied.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301TISSUE CULTURE AND POST HARVEST STUDIES ON SOME CUT FLOWERS2177218416462910.21608/jpp.2008.164629ENM. N.Sharaf El-DinVeget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.H. A. A.HusseinVeget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.H. H.Abdel-KaderVeget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.H. Y.El-BannaVeget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.Journal Article20210417This study was carried out for two parts of experimental work: tissue culture and post harvest. The present research is devoted for tissue culture study. The present research was carried out at Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University to study the effect of explant types, shoot tip and nodal cuttings with 1,2 and 3 axillary buds and different growth regulators (BA, Kin, AS, BG) on micropropagation of <em>Aster novi-belgii</em> (F. Asteraceae). Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium was used and supplemented with sucrose (30g/l) and 7g/l Agar agar.
The obtained results showed that benzyleadenine (BA) at 1 ppm was significantly effective in enhancing the number of shoots per explant and induced more callus formation on the base of shoot tip explant than the other used growth regulators, i.e, kinetin (Kin), adenine sulphate (AS) and phloroglucinol (PG). Concerning the response of nodal explant type to growth regulators, the data indicated that the explants have 2 or 3 nodes were significantly effective in enhancing the number of shoots / explant, shoot length, leaves number per shoot and callus formation. Also, the highest response of shoot number / explant was recorded by benzyleadenine (BA).
The effect of interaction between nodes number / explant and growth regulators showed that the highest number of shoots / explant was obtained with the combination of three nodes / explant and benzyleadenine(BA) at 1 ppm, while kinetin (Kin) at 1 ppm combined with three nodes / explant was the most effective in enhancing roots number / shoot. Well rooted shoots were acclimatized successfully on a media of (1:1 , v/v) Peat moss and sand to obtain good seedling of <em>Aster novi-belgii</em>.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301MEDIUM CONSTITUENTS AS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF Cordyline terminalis CV. ATOOM IN VITRO. a- EFFECT OF NATURAL SOURCES AND MS SALT STRENGTHS.2185219816463110.21608/jpp.2008.164631ENA. E.AwadHorticulture Dep., Fac. of Agriculture, Zagazig Univ. Egypt.A. K.DawahHorticulture Dep., Fac. of Agriculture, Zagazig Univ. Egypt.H. A.EmaraPlant Biotechnology Dep., Inst. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Minufiya Univ. Egypt.M. S.El-ShaierPlant Biotechnology Dep., Inst. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Minufiya Univ. Egypt.Journal Article20210417Aseptic cultures (shoots) of <em>Cordyline terminalis</em> grown <em>in vitro</em> were used as source of explants in this study. The medium of all experiments of this study contained I mg/ L BA, 30-g/ L sucrose and 2 g/ L gelrite. Full strength of MS observed the highest values of all parameters (shoot number/explant, colour intensity/ explant and growth vigor/ explant) compared to ½ and ¼ MS strengths. The same treatment (full MS) significantly showed the highest response in the same measured parameters compared to all examined sources of natural nutrients (white corn, bean, chick pea, lentil, banana and date, each alone at 60 g/ L) especially at the second record after 2 months. MS strengths were examined in combinations with banana and date each alone at 60 g/ L. Interestingly, the treatment of banana (60g/ L) and ½ MS significantly showed similar high response as that of full strength of MS in all parameters mentioned before, either with using one or three explants in cultures. Mixing banana and date each at 30g/ L in combinations with the used strengths of MS, observed lower records in all parameters compared to full MS alone. According to the results of this study and from the economic point of view, recommendation can be raised as to use the medium contained banana (60g/ L) + ½ strength of MS to regenerate cordyline <em>in vitro. </em> Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366933320080301MEDIUM CONSTITUENTS AS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF Cordyline terminalis CV. ATOOM IN VITRO: b- EFFECT OF AMINO ACIDS AND VITAMINS OF THE MEDIUM.2199221616463910.21608/jpp.2008.164639ENA. E.AwadHorticulture Dep., Fac. of Agriculture, Zagazig Univ. Egypt.A. K.DawahHorticulture Dep., Fac. of Agriculture, Zagazig Univ. Egypt.H. A.EmaraPlant Biotechnology Dep., Inst. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Minufiya Univ. Egypt.M. S.El-ShaierPlant Biotechnology Dep., Inst. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Minufiya Univ. Egypt.Journal Article20210417<em>In vitro-</em>derived and sterilized shoots of <em>Cordyline terminalis</em> were used as explants in this study. In order to investigate the effect of some amino acids and vitamins (as medium constituents) on the growth of cordyline <em>in vitro</em>, a recommended medium by Awad et al, (2008a) was used in all experiments. That medium contained 60 g/ L banana pulp, ½ MS, 30 g/ L sucrose and 2 g/ L gelrite. As for the effect of amino acids on shoot number/explant, results indicate that sporadic responses were observed with the used treatments, but the addition of arginine at 25 or 50 mg/ L in the recommended medium replacing glycine significantly increased shoot number/explant in all records (three records) compared to the other treatments. However, Serine at 100 mg/ L significantly showed a similar high number of shoots in all three records. In that concern, glycine (at 2mg/L as in MS) showed lower response in the third record (after 4 months). Some sporadic treatments of amino acids surpassed glycine {as in MS medium (2mg/ L)} in enhancement the colour intensity of cultures. However, that significant increase in colour intensity was only observed during all records (three records) with glutamine at 100 mg/ L and serine at 25 mg/ L. Although, glycine (2mg/ L) observed a significant increase in the growth vigor in the third record only, but some other treatments showed the same high response in all records such as 100 mg/ L glutamine and asparagine at 50 or 100 mg/ L. Concerning the vitamins when examined each alone, medium free of vitamins (control) observed significant increase in shoot number/explant of cordyline compared to the medium contained thiamine at normal level as in MS (0.1mg/ L) or higher level (0.5mg/ L). Using pyridoxine alone at lower level 0.1mg/ L), than that used in MS medium (0.5mg/ L), showed significant high response in shoot formation especially at the third record (after 4 months from culturing). In the final record (3<sup>rd </sup>record) results show that nicotinic acid at (0.10 mg/ L) showed a significant increase in shoot number when compared to the higher one (0.50 mg/ L as in MS) and the control (free of nicotinic acid). It was clear that the presence of any of those vitamin alone at 0.1 or 0.5 mg/ L was effective in enhancement both colour intensity and growth vigor of cultures compared to control medium.
Combining more than one vitamin in the medium indicated that, although different combinations illustrated positive responses in all measured parameters (shoot number, colour intensity and growth vigor) but using any of those vitamins alone at 0.1mg/ L proved to be sufficient in increasing the shoot number and 0.1 or 0.5mg/ L enhanced both of colour intensity and growth vigor.