Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, ANATOMICAL STUDIES AS MEASURES OF COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN SCION-ROOTSTOCK IN GRAPES4697471711728010.21608/jpp.2009.117280ENM. S. S.El-BorayPomology Dept., Fac. Of Agri., Mansoura Univ.M. F. M.MostafaPomology Dept., Fac. Of Agri., Mansoura Univ.R. A.FoudaPomology Dept., Fac. Of Agri., Mansoura Univ.Doaa M.HamzaPomology Dept., Fac. Of Agri., Mansoura Univ.Journal Article20201006The present investigation was carried out during the seasons of 2006 and 2007 to study grafting operations of Thompson seedless (TH), Superior (SU), Flame seedless (FL) and king ruby (KR) scions onto four grapevine rootstocks namely, SO4, 1103 Paulsen (1103 P), Teleki 5C (5C) and 140 Ruggeri (140 Ru). It was aimed to estimate the degree of graft compatibility between the partners used to create graft combinations.
Such estimation was based on a group of parameters known to play an important role in the field of graft compatibilities. They were included the calculation of grafting success percentage, the measurement of certain characteristics usually use to represent the whole growth of graft combination, the determination of certain chemical and biochemical constituents in scions leaf along at the graft union line. Furthermore, an anatomical microscopic examination on tissues from the graft union was carried out. All these studies were to be used as criteria for estimating the degree of graft compatibility among scions and rootstocks tested in this study. Consequently, it could pointed to the best rootstock successfully combined with the used scions.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501MUTATION BREEDING FOR EARLY BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.)4719472911728110.21608/jpp.2009.117281ENM. A.BadawiVegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agric., Cairo University, GizaSahar S.TahaVegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agric., Cairo University, GizaR. I.Al-HamadaVegetable Crops Department, Faculty of Agric., Cairo University, GizaJournal Article20201006Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) at different concentrations, viz., 0, 1, 2 and 3 mM/l, were used to induce genetic variability in three cultivars of potato, namely, Atlas, Nicola and Simon, for selecting mutants with increased level of resistance against early blight. Two hundreds and seventy plants per each cultivar were produced from M<sub>0</sub>V<sub>1</sub> mutant generation. Each plant was evaluated, in terms of resistance to early blight, as compared to their original cultivar. EMS treatments induced genetic variation in potato genome which lead to new genotypes that displayed high levels of tolerance to <em>Alternaria solani</em>, and these genotypes may be considered new clones<span style="text-decoration: underline;">,</span> Nine clones were selected; four from cv. Atlas, two from cv. Nicola and three from cv. Simon .Most of the selected clones were induced from 2 mM/l EMS treatment. These clones are very important for disease tolerance and breeding programs due to their distinct features. DNA fingerprinting was done on the original cultivars and the selected clones using the RAPD technique. Genetic differences were detected between selected clones and the original cultivars.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS, SALINITY AND HEAVY METAL STRESSES ON ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER COTYLEDONS4731473911728210.21608/jpp.2009.117282ENH. M.El-ShoraBotany Dept., Faculty of Science, Mans. Univ., Mansoura, EgyptAmany H. S. M.HamodaBotany Dept., Faculty of Science, Mans. Univ., Mansoura, EgyptJournal Article20201006Acid phosphatase (EC 3. 1. 3. 2) activity was measured in sunflower (<em>Helianthus annus</em> L.) cotyledons. The present results indicate that the tested growth regulators indoleacetic acid (IAA), naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and indolephenoxyacetic acid (IPA) induced acid phosphatase activity at concentration range 100-400 µM. The enzyme was inhibited by CdCl<sub>2 </sub>and PbCl<sub>2</sub> at 20-100 µM. Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> enhanced lipid peroxidation and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was reduced in cotyledons pretreated with GA<sub>3</sub>. Salinity induced lipid peroxidation and increased H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content. NaCl at low concentrations (50 and 100 mM) induced the enzyme activity whereas the higher concentrations (150-300 mM) reduced the activity. Coronatine (COR) at 100 µM alleviated partially the toxic effect of salinity.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME SOYBEAN CULTIVARS4741475211728310.21608/jpp.2009.117283ENH. M.IbrahimDepartment of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, El-Shatby, Alexandria University, EgyptJournal Article20201006The present investigation was carried out at the Agriculture Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University in the summer seasons of 2005 and 2006, to investigate the influence of three sowing dates (April 10<sup>th</sup>, May 1<sup>st</sup> and May 20<sup>th</sup>) on seed yield and quality characters of six soybean cultivars, i.e., Crawford, Clark, Giza 21, Giza 35, Giza 111 and Giza 22.
Delaying sowing reduced seed yield/ ha of 12 kg/ ha by each day delay in sowing after April 10<sup>th</sup>. Seed protein and oil contents also decreased with delaying sowing beyond May 1<sup>st</sup>. Fatty acids composition was altered with delaying sowing where oleic and linoleic acid contents increased while that of linolenic acid decreased.
Variability between soybean cultivars was observed for seed yield and all quality characters. Cultivar Giza 111 produced the highest seed yield/ ha, but was low in protein and oil contents, and intermediate in oleic and linoleic acid contents. Significant sowing date ´ cultivar interaction was found for seed yield/ ha, oil content, total soluble fatty acids (T.S.F.A), linoleic and lionlenic acid contents. Also, a cultivar ´ season interaction was detected for seed yield/ plant, seed oil content, T.S.F.A, oleic and linoleic acid contents, indicating the environmental conditions influence on these characters.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501GENETIC STABILITY OF SOME WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER FOUR VAROUS ENVIRONMENTS4753476011728510.21608/jpp.2009.117285ENR. A.RamadanField Crop Institute, Wheat Res. Section (A.R.C.) ,Giza , EgyptJournal Article20201006Ten wheat genotypes (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) were Evaluated for yield and its attributing characters under four environments(two locations x two seasons).The genotypes were; Sakha 93, Sakha 94, Giza 168, Sids 1, Sids4, Sids6, Sids9, Sakha61, Gemmeiza 9 and Gemmeiza 10 The mean performance, phenotypic stability and interrelationship between various characters were computed. The results indicated that, significant genotypes; genotype x environment, environmental linear and genotype x environment linear variance for all studied characters. Regression coefficient (b) deviated significantly from unity (b > 1) for genotypes, Sids 1 and Sakha 61 for plant height , Sids9 and Gemmeiza 9 for spike length and Sids 9 for 1ooo grain weight; indicating that these genotypes were adapted to favorable environments for these characters.
The “b” value deviated significantly from unity and was less than one (b < 1) in Sids 1, Sids 4 and Sids 9 for1000 grain weight , grain weight / spike, and grain yield ardab / fad . The genotypes for considering the stability parameters (C.V% and S<sup>2</sup>d accompanished with mean performance (X), the most desired and stable wheat genotypes were Gemmeiza9 for plant height, spike grain weight and grain yield<br /> (ard /fad), Sids 1 for spike length , grain weight/spike . While Sakha 94 was stable for number of spikes/plant.
Correlation coefficients values were positive and significant between yield /fad and each of all studied characters except plant height.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF GENOTYPE, EXPLANT AND KINETIN CONCENTRATIONS ON SHOOT REGENERATION AND EVALUATION OF SALINITY TOLERANCE IN TOMATO4761477611728610.21608/jpp.2009.117286ENSahar S.TahaVegetable Crops Department. Faculty of Agriculture. Cairo UniversityJournal Article20201006In this study, four tomato hybrids (Sarya, Nematoda, Mereto and Abeza )and four wild species (<em>L. pimpinellifolium</em> PI344102, <em>L. peruvianum </em>CMV-INRA, <em>L. escu.</em> PI174263 and <em>L. escu. </em>var. <em>ceriaciforme </em>PI321749) were used. Hypocotyl and cotyledon explants were isolated from seedling and cultured on modified MS medium (Murashige and Skoog ,1962 ),which contained MS salts and B5 vitamins (Gamborg <em>et al.,</em> 1968), 1% (w/v) agar supplemented with kinetin at levels 0.5 , 1.0 and 2.0 mg/l. The highest percentage of callus was produced in cv. Abeza and <em>L.pimpin</em>.PI344102. The highest number of explants that produced shoots was observed in <em>L. escu. </em>PI174263on MS media with 1.0 and 2.0 mg/l KIN. Maximum total number of shoots and number of shoots per explant was produced by culturing cotyledon explants of <em>L. escu. </em>PI 174263 on MS media with 2.0 mg/l KIN. Tomato seeds<em> ( L. pimpin</em>. PI344102, <em>L. peruv. </em>CMV-INRA, <em>L. escu.</em> PI174263 and <em> L. escu. </em>var. <em>ceriaciforme </em>PI321749) were cultured on MS medium with 2.0 mg/l KIN and supplemented with different concentrations of sea salt (0.0, 2000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 ppm ). The germination percentage and plant fresh weight was the highest in <em>L.escu. PI</em>174263. Tallest plants were produced in <em>L.escu. </em>PI174263and<em> L.escu. var. ceriaciforme </em>PI3217. Increasing salinity reduced germination percentage, plant height, leaves number and plant fresh weight in all genotypes, except in <em>L. Pimpin. were </em>increasing the salinity upto 4000 ppm increased plant height.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501RESPONSE OF LEEK PLANTS TO ORGANIC AND BIOFERTILIZERS AS WELL AS SULPHUR SPRAYING IN COMPLETE OR PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF MINERAL FERTILIZATION AND NUTRITIVE VALUES4777480811728910.21608/jpp.2009.117289ENAmal M.FarragVegetable Department, Faculty of Agriculture , Cairo University.A. H.Hanafy-AhmedPlant Physiology Division, Plant Dept.,Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ.Sanaa A.MahfozCentral Laboratory for food and feed ,Agric.Res.Centre,GizaJournal Article20201006Two field experiments were carried out on leek (<em>Allium porrum</em> L.) plants cv. Bleustar to study the effect of organic manure fertilizer (combination of cattle 3 tons / fed. and chicken manure 1.5 tons/fed at 1:1 ratio), the recommended rate of mineral fertilizers (90 N + 60 P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> + 50 K<sub>2</sub>O / fed.), mixture of organic manure and mineral fertilizer(½ OR + ½ MN)or one and half dose of organic manure and uninoculation or inoculation seedling with microbein or nitrobein as well as spraying plants with sulphur at the rate of 0, 0.5 and 1.0 g/l every 10 days intervals (36 treatments) on vegetative growth characters, total yield, pseudostems characters and nutritive values of pseudostem.
Application the mixture of organic manure and mineral fertilizers (½ OR + ½ MN) led to obtain the highest values of plant fresh weight, number and fresh weight of leaves per plant, fresh weight and diameter of pseudostem and total yield in both seasons. Inoculation plants with microbein followed by nitrobein led to obtain the highest values of vegetative growth characters in both seasons, except number of leaves and length of pseudostem in which microbein or nitrobein led to obtain the highest values in the first and second seasons, respectively as comparing with uninoculation treatments.
Spraying leek plants with sulphur at the rate of 0.5 g/l followed by 1 g/l caused the highest values of vegetative growth characters as comparing with non spraying ones. The highest total yield were obtained with application of one and half dose of organic manure (1½ OR) or the mixture of organic manure and mineral fertilizers (½ MN + ½ OR), inoculation with microbein and spraying plants with sulphur at the rate of 0.5 g/l in both seasons. The highest fresh weight of pseudostem were obtained with application the mixture of organic manure and mineral fertilizer with inoculation plants with microbein or nitrobein in the first and second seasons, respectively and spraying sulphur at the rate of 0.5 g/l. Regarding to nutritive values of pseudostem, the highest values of dry matter and total carbohydrates were obtained with application organic manure, inoculation plants with nitrobein and spraying with sulphur at the rate of 0.5 g/l. The highest volatile oil and sulphur percentage were obtained with applying the mixture of organic manure and mineral fertilizer or one and half dose of organic manure and inoculation with microbein or nitrobein with spraying sulphur at the rate of 1.0 g/l. The highest protein percentage and nitrate accumulation were obtained with the application mineral fertilizer, inoculation plants with nitrobein and spraying with sulphur at the rate of 1.0 g/l. The lowest nitrate accumulation was obtained with applying organic manure or (½ MN + ½ OR), without inoculation or inoculation with nitrobein but without spraying sulphur or spraying at the rate of 0.5 g/l. The highest values of essential, non-essential, total and individual amino acids were recorded by the plants supplied with the recommended dose of NPK when compared with those supplied with the different dose of organic fertilizer. Moreover, high values of these amino acids were obtained but the plants treated with sulphur, nitrobein and microbein either alone or combination when compared with its corresponding control untreated plants.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIME OF CLUSTER DIFFERENTIATION AND PHENOLOGICAL STAGES WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON ASSESSMENT OF BUD FERTILITY AND BUD NECROSIS AS MEANS FOR IMPROVING VINE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOME GRAPE CULTIVARS4809482711729010.21608/jpp.2009.117290ENM. M.El-MogyViticulture Dept., Hort. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptM. A.Abd El-WahabViticulture Dept., Hort. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptGehan H.SabryViticulture Dept., Hort. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20201006This study was carried out for three successive seasons (2006, 2007 and 2008) in a private vineyard located at El-Khatatba, Menoufiya governorate; to determinate the relationship between time of cluster differentiation and phenological stages of vine annual growth cycle with special focus on assessment of bud fertility and bud necrosis sensitivity of eight grape varieties; Flame Seedless, Superior, Beauty Seedless, Black Monukka, Rich Baba, Red Globe, Black Rose, and Ribier. The chosen vines were 10-year-old, grown in a sandy soil, spaced at 2 X 3 meters apart and irrigated by the drip irrigation system, cane-pruned and trellised by the Spanish Parron shape system.
The results showed that the time of cluster differentiation is closely correlated closely with phenological stages. However, cluster differentiation occurs just after full bloom time and continues almost until fruit harvest for all varieties in the three seasons of this study. It was noticed that, percentage of dissected bud fertility along ‘Flame Seedless’ shoots through the different phenological dates recorded the greatest values compared to the other varieties, followed by Beauty Seedless and Red Globe grape varieties. On the other hand, Black Monukka and Superior grape varieties gave the lowest percentage of dissected bud fertility along shoots through phenological dates in the three seasons of the study.
With respect to percentage of bud necrosis, data compiled from bud dissection analysis showed a significant difference in the levels of bud necrosis (BN) among varieties under investigation in the three seasons. In this respect, Flame Seedless and Black Monukka grape varieties had the highest incidence of BN followed by Superior, Beauty Seedless, Red Globe and Black Rose which were found to be intermediate in this respect. On the other hand, Ribier and Rich Baba grape varieties were the lowest during all seasons of this study.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR IMPACT OF LOW PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION IN DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS WITH SULPHUR, GYPSUM AND PHOSPHOREIN ON TOMATO GROWTH, MINERAL STATUS AND PRODUCTIVITY.4829484011729210.21608/jpp.2009.117292ENM. E.EL-SaidVegetable Dept., Hort. Res. Inst.,Agric. Res. Centre, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201006Two field experiments were conducted at Kalabshow district, Dakahlia Governorate during two successive summer seasons of 2007 and 2008 to study the effect of phosphorus fertilizers,<em>i.e.</em>, super phosphate and rock phosphate in different combination with gypsum, sulphur and phosphorein on growth ,mineral composition and productivity of tomato cv. Super marmand . The experiment included fourteen treatments arranged in randomized complete block design. The treatments contained two sources of phosphorus (P) fertilizers [super phosphate (SP) and rock phosphate (RP) at 100% from recommended dose (RD),i.e,75KgP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>] and different combination of SP or RP at low rate (65%),i.e,52.5 KgP<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5 </sub>of RD) with gypsum (G),sulphur (S)and phosphorein(Phn).
The main results were as follows:
1- Addition of super phosphate(SP) at 65 % of the recommended phosphorus rate(RD) with gypsum(G) and phosphorein(Phn) as soil amendment had a significant effect on number of leaves per plant, plant height , roots& shoots and total dry weights per plant as well as relative dry weight (%)during the two seasons.
2-Application of rock phosphate (RP) at 65 % of the recommended phosphorus rate RD) resulted in significant decrease of foliage concentration of N and P as well as the N, P ,K total uptake from N,P,K in both seasons.
3- The highest significant N and P concentration and N, P and K uptake were resulted from application of super phosphate (SP) at 65 %from RD in the presence of gypsum (G) and phosphorein (Phn) at both seasons.
4- Addition of the recommended phosphorus rate as super phosphate(SP) or applying (SP) at 65% from RD with gypsum and phosphorein showed the most superior effect regarding average fruit weight, number of fruits and fruit yield of tomato plant as well as total yield per feddan.
5- Application of super phosphate (SP) at 65 %with gypsum (G) and phosphorein (Phn) resulted in 6.45 % increment in the total yield comparing to the control treatment (average of the two seasons) .
6- Applying super phosphate (SP) at 65% from RD with gypsum (G) and phosphorein (Phn) showed the superior significant values for most fruit quality, <em>i.e.</em>, T.S.S %, Vit C and total carbohydrates content of tomato fruits.
In general, this study demonstrated that it is possible to produce highest growth, yield and quality of tomato plants by applying super phosphate at 65 % of the recommended phosphorus rate with 2.5 ton/feddan of gypsum and 1 kg/feddan of phosphorein. Moreover, the phosphatic fertilization can be reduced by 35 % of the recommended rate beside reduction of chemical pollution.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF BORON FOLIAR APPLICATION AND DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF MINERAL AND ORGANIC NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND YIELD OF SWEET PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.).4841486011729310.21608/jpp.2009.117293ENM. E.EL-SaidVegetable Dept.; Hort. Res. Inst.; Agric. Res. Centre, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201006Two field experiments were performed at El-Baramon, Experimental Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during the successive seasons of 2007 and 2008 to study the effect of boron foliar nutrition and different combinations of mineral and organic nitrogen fertilization on growth, chemical composition and yield of sweet pepper cv. California wonder.
<strong>The main results could be summarized that:</strong>
1- Foliar application of boron at 100 ppm and fertilization with 75% mineral nitrogen fertilizer + 25% organic nitrogen resulted significasnt increase of plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weight.
2-The highest significant values of A, B, total chlorophyll and carotene as well as N, P, K and Ca contents in sweet pepper plant leaves were obtained with foliar addition of boron at 100 ppm and fertilization with 75% mineral nitrogen + 25% organic nitrogen.
3- Fruit sitting percentage, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and total yield per feddan were significantly increased as a result of foliar addition with boron at 100 ppm and fertilization at level of 75% mineral nitrogen fertilizers + 25% organic nitrogen.
4- Foliar nutrition of boron at 100 ppm and fertilization by 75% mineral nitrogen + 25% organic nitrogen significantly increased fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit flesh thickness, fruit dry weigh and TSS as well as vit C.
In general, this study demonstrated that it is possible to produce highest growth, yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits by foliar application with boron at 100 ppm and fertilization using 75% from the recommended dose as mineral nitrogen plus 25% from the recommended dose as organic nitrogen.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT of SOME DORMANCY BREAKING AGENTS ON BUD BEHAVIOUR , VEGETATIVE GROWTH , FRUIT SET AND YIELD OF " CANINO " APRICOT.4861487111729710.21608/jpp.2009.117297ENA. E.KelanyFac.of Agric. , Cairo Univ. , Egypt.T. A.FayedFac.of Agric. , Cairo Univ. , Egypt.E. M.El-FakhraniHort. Res.Inst. , Agric. Res. Cent. , Egypt.Shaymmaa N.SayedHort. Res.Inst. , Agric. Res. Cent. , Egypt.Journal Article20201006"Canino" apricot (<em>Prunus armeniaca </em>L<em>.</em>) fruiting trees were sprayed with different bud dormancy breaking compounds on January 20<sup>th</sup> at different concentrations. Dormex (hydrogen cyanamide) was sprayed at 1,2 and 3% eash alone , zinc sulphate at 5% and urea at 6% alone or combined with 3% mineral oil.All Dormex concentrations alone or combined with mineral oil increased floral and vegetative bud opening and increased retained fruits and yield as compared with the untreated trees. Moreover, total indoles and total free amino acids in shoot buds were increased by all treatments compared with the control.The highest values were obtained by using Dormex at 3% followed by Dormex at 2% . Also , all experimental treatments increased leaf content of nitrogen(N) , phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) comparing with the control , especially in treatments of Dormex 3% followed by Dormex 3% + mineral oil 3% ; however , urea at 6% alone or mixed by mineral oil 3% did not have reliable effect .The most effective treatment was spraying Dormex at 3% alone , which gave the highest percentage of opend floral and vegetative buds and the highest yield (kg/tree) .Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF APPLICATION TIME AND RATES OF FOLIAR FERTILIZATION ON THE VEGETATIVE GROWTH, FLOWERING AND SOME MINERAL CONTENTS OF Brassica nigra L. Koch4873488211729810.21608/jpp.2009.117298ENY. M. M.Abd El-FattahHorticulture Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522Journal Article20201006This study was carried out during two successive seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 to study the effect of application time and rate of foliar fertilization with complete fertilizer solution containing 20%, 20%, 20% of N, P and K at the rates of 2, 4 and 6 g L<sup>-1</sup> on vegetative growth, flowering and some chemical constituents of <em>Brassica nigra </em>[L.] Koch. All foliar fertilization treatments exhibited remarkable significant effects on plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of inflorescences, herbage fresh and dry weights, inflorescence fresh and dry weights and seed yield dry weight when compared with untreated plants.
Chemical analysis showed that the highest content of N, P, K were obtained, in general, from plants sprayed with 4 g L<sup>-1</sup> of the complete fertilizer solution sprayed either every 10 or 20 days.
Concerning the micronutrient contents (Fe, Mn, and Zn) in leaves of <em>B. nigra </em>[L.] Koch, foliar fertilization resulted in significant effect on Fe, Mn and Zn in leaves when compared with untreated plants. The highest content of chlorophyll a and b in leaves was found in plants sprayed with complete fertilizer solution at the rate of 4 g L<sup>-1</sup>.
Generally, the maximum increase in the studied parameters resulted from spraying plants with 4 g L<sup>-1</sup> of complete fertilizer every either 10 or 20 days. So, economically the results recommend spraying mustard plants with 4g L<sup>-1 </sup>complete fertilizer 20-20-20 every 20 days.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAYS WITH POTASSEIN(N , B) ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, FLOWERING AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF Euphorbia splendes PLANTS.4883489111730010.21608/jpp.2009.117300ENHanan E.IbrahemOrn. Plants Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst., Agri. Res. Centre ,Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201006A study was conducted at the experimental Orman farm Botanical Garden , Giza, Egypt ,during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons to study the effect of potassein N (K-N) and potassein P (K-P) as a foliar spray with a different rates on growth, flowering and chemical composition of <em>Euphorbia splendes</em> plants grown in pots.
The obtained results indicated that plant height, number of branches and number of leaves/plant, root length, fresh and dry weights of leaves, stem and roots as well as flower date ,flower diameter , chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids contents and the percentages of N, P and K in the plants.
All these characteristics were significantly increased in response to the various treatments used in the study when compared to the control. The opposite was the right concerning number of days from planting to opening first flower significantly produced early flowering plants.
So it is recommended to spray the foliage of <em>Euphorbia splendes</em> transplants grown in 20-cm-diameter pots with a combination 6 ml/L, K-N plus 6 ml/L K-P which gave attractive specimens of such plant.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501PRODUCTION OF GYNOGENIC TETRAHAPLOID PLANTS IN STRAWBERRY THROUGH CULTURE OF UNPOLLINATED OVARIES4893490211730410.21608/jpp.2009.117304ENM. A.BadawiDept. of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agric.,Cairo University, Giza, EgyptKh. E.AliDept. of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agric.,Cairo University, Giza, EgyptFarida F.KabilDept. of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agric.,Cairo University, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20201006The present study was conducted in the Tissue Culture Lab., Department of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, CairoUniversity, Giza, Egypt, during the period from 2005 to 2008. The objective of this work was to produce tetrahaploid plants from strawberry (<em>Fragaria</em> × <em>ananassa</em> Duch.) by culturing unpollinated ovaries of two different genotypes, viz., Camarosa and Sweet Charlie <em>in vitro</em>. Floral buds, 2-4 days before anthesis, were pre-treated at 4˚C for different periods and cultured on different media composition. Germinated ovules were performed and multiplication was induced to produce new shoots. Shoots were rooted and produced whole plantlets for adaptation. Results showed that cold pre-treatment was not efficient for producing the best ovule regeneration and production of tetrahaploid plants. Both cultivars gave nearly similar results under the optimal conditions for ovule regeneration. Determination of ploidy level was carried out and examinations showed that plantlets produced from the ovule culture were tetrahaploid. These results represent a modern tool for breeders to produce tetrahaploid strawberry plants to develop new cultivars in a short period (few months), or using the protocol of ovule regeneration in genetic engineering experiments by transferring new genes to develop better yield or quality of strawberry cultivars.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501IMPACT OF SOME TREATMENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELDING OF PEA PLANTS GROWN UNDER SALINE RECLAIMED SOIL CONDITIONS4903492611731210.21608/jpp.2009.117312ENM. M.RadyBotany Dept. Fac. Agric., Fayoum Univ., Egypt.Nevein A.El-SawahHorticulture Dept. Fac. Agric., Fayoum Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20201006The possibility of improving growth and yielding of pea plants grown under reclaimed soil conditions which having salinity level of about 5000 ppm was investigated in a private Farm, Fayoum, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. For achievement this aim, the calcium paste treated-seeds of pea were sown in beds fecundated with ground sunflower heads. The producing pea plants were sprayed with ascorbic acid at the rates of 0, 100, 200,300 and 400 mgL<sup>-1</sup>. Significant positive influences of calcium paste plus ground sunflower heads applied alone or in combination with all ascorbic acid treatments used under this study were observed on growth, yield of green pods and seeds as well as the tested chemical constituents. In comparison with untreated seeds sown in non-fecundated beds, the plants producing from the calcium paste treated-seeds sown in beds fecundated with ground sunflower heads represented significant increases in growth traits (i.e. plant height, No. of branches plant<sup>-1</sup> and shoot dry weight plant<sup>-1</sup>) and green pods yield and its components (i.e. No. of green pods plant<sup>-1</sup>, pod weight and green pods yield feddan<sup>-1</sup>) as well as green seeds yield and its components (i.e. No. of green seeds pod<sup>-1</sup>, 100-seed weight and green seeds yield feddan<sup>-1</sup>). In addition, the concentrations of some chemical constituents (i.e. total chlorophyll, total carotenoids, ascorbic acid, free proline, total soluble sugars, total phenols, N, P, K, Ca, Ca/Na ratio, Fe, Mn and Zn in shoots of plants besides, starch%and protein% were increased with the shortage in total soluble sugars<strong>% </strong>in green seeds). As for ascorbic acid foliar application, plants sprayed at all studied rates (i.e. 100, 200, 300 and 400 mgL<sup>-1</sup>) revealed significant increases in all investigated parameters (i.e. growth traits, green pods and seeds yields and their components as well as chemical constituents of plant shoots and green seeds) as compared with untreated plants. Ascorbic acid treatment at the rate of 300 mgL<sup>-1 </sup>combined with calcium paste treated-seeds sown in beds fecundated with ground sunflower heads proved to be the best and may counteracted the inhibitory effects of salinity on pea plants.
In view of above mentioned results, it has been concluded that spraying pea plants "cv. Master-B", producing from calcium paste treated-seeds sown in beds fecundated with ground sunflower heads, with ascorbic acid at the rate of 300 mgL<sup>-1 </sup>could be counteracted the adverse conditions particularly, salinity up to 5000 ppm and consequently, economic green pods and seeds yield is obtainable.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501RESPONSE OF TOMATO PLANTS GROWN UNDER RECLAIMED SOIL CONDITIONS TO FOLIAR APPLICATION OF MAGNESIUM4929494211731410.21608/jpp.2009.117314ENA. Sh.OsmanHorticulture Dept., Fac. Agric., Fayoum Univ., Egypt.Nevein A.El-SawahHorticulture Dept., Fac. Agric., Fayoum Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20201006<strong> </strong> The effect of magnesium foliar appliaction on tomato plants was evaluated through two field trials during the two successive growing seasons of 2007 and 2008 at a private Farm (a reclaimed soil), Fayoum, Egypt. To verify this objective, Saria and GLX hybrids of tomato were grown under reclaimed soil conditions and sprayed with magensium (Mg) at the rate of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mgL<sup>-1</sup> (as a chelated form).
<strong>The obtained results showed the following trends:</strong>
both of the two hybrids; Saria and GLX showed a different response to Mg foliar application treatments in all studied parameters (growth, yield and chemical constituents).
the foliar application of Mg caused an increase in all the studied characters; growth, yield and quality as well as chemical composition. The response was up to the 15 mgL<sup>-1</sup> level of Mg then decrease again in both seasons (except Mg concentration in leaves).
the evaluated parameters were positively affected by the interaction between Mg levels x cvs. Saria cv. which sprayed with Mg at the rate of 15 mgL<sup>-1</sup> recorded the highest values of the most vegetative growth characters; leaves dry weight plant<sup>-1</sup>, branches dry weight plant<sup>-1</sup> and leaf area plant<sup>-1</sup> in the first and second seasons while, No. of leaves plant<sup>-1</sup> and canopy dry weight plant<sup>-1</sup> in the first season only.
The results revealed that GLX cv. proved superior with highest mean values for fruit yield m<sup>-2</sup> and fruit number m<sup>-2</sup> compared with those of Saria cv. which recorded a high value in fruit weight.
Foliar application of Mg increased (comparing to the control) total chlorophyll, carotenoids, N%, K%, P%, Mg% and Ca% in leaves and vitamin C, total acidity, TSS% in fruit of the two hybrids of tomato. The incline in the concentration of the previous mentioned chemical constituents gradually increased as Mg level was increased till 15 mgL<sup>-1</sup> then decrease again (except in leaves which increased up to 30 mgL<sup>-1</sup>).
In this respect, all rates of Mg gave higher values with the hybrid of GLX in the most of chemical constituents over the corresponding Saria cv. in both seasons.
In comparison to other Mg rates, the two hybrids showed similar trends to Mg at the rate of 15 mgL<sup>-1 </sup>where the highest values of all the studied parameters; growth, yield and quality as well as chemical composition (except Mg concentration in leaves) were obtained by both of Saria and GLX cvs.
<strong>Finally</strong>,the presentstudy showed that the best level of Mg foliar application was 15 mgL<sup>-1</sup>Mg which, produced the highest yield with a good quality of tomato plants grown under reclaimed soil conditions with the superiority of GLX cv. in this respect comparing with Saria cv.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC FERTILIZERS, EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS (EM) AND SLOW RELASE FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF SWEET PEPPER PLANTS UNDER GREEN HOUSE4943496211731810.21608/jpp.2009.117318ENAmal M.FarragVegetable Department, Faculty of Agriculture , Cairo University.M. M.ShaheenVegetable Department, Faculty of Agriculture , Cairo University.S. M.KabeelVeg. Res. Dept. Hort. Inst.,Cairo,Egypt.M. S.MohamedVeg. Res. Dept. Hort. Inst.,Cairo,Egypt.Journal Article20201006Two experiments were carried out during two successive seasons of 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 at Kaha Experimental Station, Kaluobia Governorate, Horticultural Research Institute on pepper plants cv Sonar to study the effect of using chicken manure at the rate of 2 m<sup>3</sup> / green house or compost at the of 1,2 and 3 m<sup>3</sup> / green house as well as effective micro organisms (EM) and slow release fertilizers, urea formaldehyde (enciabein) on vegetative growth characters at 75 and 150 days from transplanting, early and total yields, fruit characters as well as T.S.S., ascorbic acid (Vit. C) and nitrate accumulation. Applying 3m<sup>3</sup> of compost / green house led to significantly increased and the highest values of plant height, number of branches and leaves, total leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves and stem per plant as well as early and total yield/ m<sup>2</sup>, fruit weight and ascorbic acid (Vit. C). However, organic fertilizers non significantly affected on plant height in the second samples of the first season and in the first and second samples in the second season as well as number of branches in the second samples in the second season, fruits weight of early yield, fruits number of total yield in the second season, dry matter percentage, T.S.S and flesh thickness of fruit in both seasons. Application EM significantly affected and caused the highest values of vegetative growth characters, early and total yield as well as fruit quality followed by enciabein in both seasons. The highest total yield of fruit were obtained with application the combined 3m<sup>3 </sup>of compost with EM followed by 2 m<sup>3 </sup>of compost with EM and increasing by 98% and 73%, respectively in the first season and 67% and 50%, respectively in the second seasons as comparing with applying 2 m<sup>3</sup> chicken manure alone. Inoculation organic fertilizers (chicken manures or compost at different levels) with EM reduced nitrate accumulation in pepper fruits.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF RIDGE WIDTH, HILL DISTANCE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER RATES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF STEVIA PLANT4963497511734410.21608/jpp.2009.117344ENA. M.AzabAgron., Dept., Fac. of Agric. Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo, EgyptM. A.El-HawaryAgron., Dept., Fac. of Agric. Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo, EgyptA. M.HamadAgron., Dept., Fac. of Agric. Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20201006Two field experiments were laid out at El-Bakatoush Village, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt in 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons to study the effect of two ridge width (40 and 50 cm), three hill distances (15, 20 and 25 cm) and three nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 30 and 45 kg N/fed/cut) as well as their interactions on growth, yield and quality of stevia plant (<em>Stevia relebaudiana</em> Bertoni) c. v. Spanti. The experiments were laid out in split- split plot design with three replications.
The obtained results showed that plants sown on narrow ridge (40 cm) gave the highest values of leaf area index per plant, leaves dry weight cut/feddan, stevioside percentage at all cuts, total leaves dry weight per feddan and stevioside yield per feddan in both seasons. On the other hand, ridge width at 50 cm gave the highest number of leaves per plant at all cuts in both seasons.
The closer hill spacing (15 cm apart) exceeded the middl and widest hill spacing at (20 and 25 cm which) in all previously mentioned traits, except number of leaves per plant was higher at the wider hill spacing (25 cm apart) at all cuts in both seasons.
Increasing nitrogen fertilizer rates up to 45 kg N/fed/cut increased values of all studied characters at all cuts in both seasons.
Planting stevia plants on ridging width 40 cm and hill distance 15 cm gave the highest values of all studied characters at all cuts in both seasons, except number of leaves per plant.
Planting stevia plants on narrow ridge (40 cm) and fertilized with 45 kg N/fed/cut gave the highest averages of all studied characters at all cuts in both seasons, except number of leaves per plant was highest with 50 cm ridge width and 45 kg N/fed/cut.
Plants having the close hill (15 cm) and fertilized by 45 kg N/fed/cut gave the highest values of all studied parameters except, number of leaves in both seasons.
The highest total leaves dry weight per feddan and stevioside yield per feddan was recorded by sowing plants on narrow ridge (40 cm) and closer hill (15 cm) as well as fertilized by 45 kg N/fed/cut in both seasons.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501RESPONSE OF TWO MAIZE HYBRIDS TO UREA FERTILIZATION UNDER APPLICATION OF HYDROQUINONE UREASE INHIBITOR.4977499011734910.21608/jpp.2009.117349ENA. A.MansourPlant Production (Agronomy) Dept., Efficient Prod. Inst., Zagazig Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20201006Two field experiments were conducted during 2004 and 2005 summer seasons at Gaziret-Hanout,Kafr Sakr District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt to study the response of two maize hybrids (SC 122 and TWC 310) to three levels of urea fertilization levels (75,100 and 125 kgN/fad) under application of three hydroquinone (HQ) urease inhibitor levels (0, 2.25 and 3.25 kg HQ/100 kg N). The adopted experimental design was split-split plot with three replicates.
The results revealed that TWC 310 maize hybrid was superior in each of plant height, number of ears /plant, number of rows/ ear, number of grains / row, number of grains / ear, 100 - grain weight, oil percentage and both grain and oil yields / fad compared to SC122 which superior in ear length and protein percentage. However, both tested hybrids gave almost the same protein yield/fad. Increasing N levels from 75 to 100kg N/fad resulted in a significant increase in plant height, 100-grain weight, protein percentage and protein yield/fad, while the increase in urea-N levels up to 125kgN/fad increased significantly all other studied characters, except oil percentage which significantly decreased by any increase in N levels up to 125KgN/fad. Treating urea fertilizer with HQ urease inhibitor at the rate of 2.25kgHQ/100 kg N increased significantly both plant height and 100-grain weight, while increasing HQ levels up to 3.25kgHQ/100 kg N resulted in a significant increase in the other most studied characters compared with untreated urea. Any further HQ increment caused further reduction in oil percentage.
Regarding the interaction effects, TWC 310 gave the higher number of grains/ ear when urea was treated with 3.25kgHQ/100kgN with a response rate of 25.66. Grain yield/ fad was responded to urea-N up to 100 kg N/fad when 2.25 or 3.25kg HQ/100kg N was added. The highest oil yield / fad was attained when 125 kg N/fad was applied and when urea treated with 3.25 kg HQ/100 kg N.
The results revealed positive and significant correlation coefficients between grain yield/ fad, and most of studied characters, while negative and significant correlation was found for grain yield related to oil percentage. The path analysis revealed that the direct effect of number of ears/plant was 17.06% being higher than that of 100-grain weight and number of grains/ear which was 15.18 and 5.11% of maize grain yield variation, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that number of ears/ plant and number of grains/ ear are similar to that of grain yield and each is of quadratic relationship with urea-N fertilization, while the response of 100-grain weight to urea-N fertilizer had a linear relationship. Hence, grain yield of maize could be increased by splitting the suitable nitrogen amount in order to be active in increasing 100-grain weight.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501SEEDING AND NITROGEN RATES REQUIRED TO MAXIMIZE YIELD OF GEMMEIZA 9 WHEAT CULTIVAR IN EASTERN DELTA REGION4991500211735110.21608/jpp.2009.117351ENA. A.MansourPlant Production Dept., Inst. of Efficient Prod., Zagazig Univ., EgyptA. H.BassiounyPlant Production Dept., Inst. of Efficient Prod., Zagazig Univ., EgyptJournal Article20201006Two field experiments were carried out at Bany-Amer, Zagazig District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons to study the effect of four seeding rates (45, 55, 65 and 75 kg/fad) and five levels of nitrogen fertilizer (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 kg N/fad) on yield and its components as well as yield analysis of Gemmeiza 9 wheat cultivar in Eastern Delta Region.
The increase in seeding rates from 45 to 75 kg/fad significantly decreased number of grains/ spike and 1000-grain weight. Grain and biological yields/ fad significantly increased by increasing seeding rates from 45 to 55 or 65 kg/fad, while number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup> and straw yield/fad responded to the increase in seeding rates up to 75 kg/fad. However, the differences in grain weight/spike and both harvest and crop indices due to seeding rates were not significant. Each of 1000-grain weight, straw and grain yields/fad responded to N application up to 60 kgN/fad, while number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup>, number of grains/spike and grain weight/spike responded to N application up to 90 kg N/fad. However, the response of biological yield/fad to N fertilization was up to 75 kg N/fad.
Grain yield/fad was positively and significantly correlated with each of number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup>, number of grains/spike, grain weight /spike, 1000-grain weight, straw yield/fad and biological yield/ fad. The main sources of grain0yield variation according to their relative importance were number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup> (61.18%), number of grains/spike (18.1s%) and 1000-grain weight (4.65%). The direct and indirect effects of these characters amounted to 95.96% of whuat grain$yield variation. Vegression analysis revealed that grain yield of wheat could be increased by split|ing the suétable nitvogen(amount in order to be active in increasing 1000-grakn weight.
From this study it can be recommended by using 65 kg seeds / fad and 60 kg N/fad to maximizewheat productivity of Gemmeiza 9 in Eastern Delta Region.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501RESPONSE OF MAIZE AND ASSOCIATED WEEDS TO IRRIGATION INTERVALS, WEED MANAGEMENT AND NITROGEN FORMS5003501711735510.21608/jpp.2009.117355ENI. M.EL-MetwallyBotany Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.H. S.SaudyAgronomy Dept., Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt.Soad M.El-AshrySoil And Use Water Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20201006Two field experiments were conducted during the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons at the Experimental Farm of the National Research Centre at Shalakan, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, to study the response of maize yield and its components and associated weeds to two irrigation intervals (every 2 and 3 weeks), three weed management treatments (metribuzin herbicide, hoeing twice at 25 and 40 days from sowing and weedy check) and four N forms (ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea and calcium nitrate).
Results showed that irrigation every 2 weeks significantly decreased grassy and total weeds and NK uptake by weeds. Providing maize plants by irrigation every 2 weeks significantly increased chlorophyll <strong><em>a</em></strong> leaf content, yield and its components, grain P content and protein yield/fed. Hoeing twice was more effective than metribuzin herbicide for controlling grassy and total weeds and lowering N, P and K uptake by weeds. Application of metribuzin markedly increased chlorophyll <strong><em>a</em></strong> leaf content, while hoeing twice was the effective treatment for increasing yield and its components, except ear diameter, and enhanced grain N content, protein % and protein yield/fed.
Calcium nitrate significantly decreased dry weight of grassy and total weeds and NK uptake by weeds. Adding ammonium nitrate markedly increased chlorophyll <strong><em>a</em></strong> leaf content, number of rows/ear, 100-kernel weight and grain yield/fed. Irrigation every 2 weeks with metribuzin treatment gave the maximum values of 100-kernel weight, ear yield and grain yield /fed when ammonium nitrate as nitrogen form was used.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF ON-FARM SEED PRIMING ON YIELD AND SEED QUALITY OF BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)5019503111834210.21608/jpp.2009.118342ENH. M. I.AhmedVegetable Research Division, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.Denise C. F.DiasDept. de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36571-000 – Viçosa, MG, Brazil.A. M.MoghazyVegetable Crops Seed Production and Technology Department, Horticulture Res. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201012Two field experiments were carried out during the two summer growing seasons of 2006 and 2007, at El-Baramoon Farm, Mansoura Horticultural Research Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, to investigate the effect of on-farm seed priming for different periods in water or in molybdenum (Mo) solution on growth, yield and pod characters as well as seed yield and its quality of snap bean (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris </em>L.) cv. Bronco. Nine treatments were arranged in complete randomized block design with 3 replicates.
Results indicated that priming bean seeds in Mo solution or water significantly increased the capability of the plants to produce vigorous vegetative growth expressed as plant height, number of branches and number of leaves per plant, plant fresh and dry weight as well as chlorophyll content.
All priming treatments enhanced the total green plant yield, especially priming for 9 hours in Mo solution or water. These treatments gave the highest values for yield. Seed yield and its quality were also improved as a result of using seed priming treatments.
Generally, On-farm seed priming seems to be a widely applicable technology and can be used to add to the benefits achieved by using improved modern varieties or by adoption of other improved technologies such as fertilizer or better crop protection. This low-cost, low-risk technology is good insurance for farmers by providing low-cost more options and improvements to their livelihoods.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF SALINITY AND SOME BIO-COMPOUNDS ON GROWTH, ESSENTIAL OIL YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MARJORAM PLANTS5033504811834410.21608/jpp.2009.118344ENHekmat Y.MassoudVeget. and Flori., Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ.M. N.ShalanMedicinal and Aromatic Plants, Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., ARC, Egypt.K. M.El-HindiVeget. and Flori., Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ.A. E. E.DapourVeget. and Flori., Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ.Journal Article20201012Two field experiments were carried out at Baramoon Experimental Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 to study the marjoram (<em>Majorana hortensis Mnch</em>) potential to survive under salinity condition and to find out the effect of some bio-fertilizers on this potential. The present investigation were planed to test (4) levels (0, 2000, 4000 and 6000 ppm) of saline water irrigation, as well as foliar nutrition of some bio-compounds i.e., (EM), Novatrein and Askobein as mixtures and their interactions on plant growth, essential oil, quantity and quality of marjoram.
Marjoram plants showed a quite tolerance to salinity at 2000 ppm, whereas the excess concentrations( 4000 and 6000 ppm) caused a severe damage to the irrigated plants. A remarked reduction in fresh and dry weights of plant, survival percentage, essential oil percentage and its components under different salinity concentrations. Gas Liquid Chromatography showed that saline water irrigation at levels of 2000 and 4000 ppm slightly decreased the percentages of main components whereas 6000 ppm caused vanishing of some constituents and caused severe harmful to oil principals.
All bio-compounds i.e., (EM) and both of Novatrein or Askobein, slightly caused significant increments in the plant growth characters and displayed the best estimates in the two seasons. Application of these compounds raised the plant potential to tolerate salinity and simulation increased the survival percentage. In addition, utilizing these compounds slightly increased oil active principals and could overcome the harmful effect of saline irrigation water.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF CERTAIN NP-RATES AND APPLICATION METHODS OF BIOFERTILIZER (MICROBEIN) ON PRODUCTIVITY AND STORABILITY OF GARLIC5053506511838310.21608/jpp.2009.118383ENA. H. A.El-MorsyVeg. Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. M.MoghazyVeg. Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.U. M.Saif El-DeenVeg. Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201012Two field trials were conducted on garlic clone Sids-40, in the privet farm at Kafr meet Fares village, Dakahlia Governorate, during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons to study the effect of certain NP-rates (100%, 75% and 50% from recommended dose) either single and/or in combination with some application methods of biofertilizer (seed cloves inoculate, soil inoculate, seed cloves inoculate + soil inoculate and control treatment) on plant growth, yield and its components, as well as chemical constituents and storability of bulbs during the storage period (five months). The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
In general, studied characteristics of the plants received the higher rates of NP-fertilizers better than those of low rate. Increasing the applied mineral NP-rate from 50% to 100% from recommended dose significantly increased all vegetative growth parameters, yield and its components, as well as N, P, K and volatile oils concentrations in cloves. Besides, the most interesting observation was the enhancing of storability by application NP at 100% rate followed by 75%.
On the other hand, application of biofertilizer (microbein) had significant increases in plant height, number of leaves, shoot dry weight, bulbing ratio, total yield, bulb weight and diameter, clove weight, as well as Chemical constituents in cloves and decreasing bulb weight loss percentage during the storage period compared with the control treatment. The higher values of this parameters were obtained when used cloves inoculate + soil inoculate method. The combined treatments of NP-rates with biofertilizer application methods seemed to be more effective than the single ones. The best results were obtained by using 75% NP-rate from recommended dose/fed in the presence of microbein as (cloves inoculate + soil inoculate) method, the values were superior to those achieved by 100% NP-rate/fed without microbein.
From the foregone it is evident that, application of biofertilizer microbein as a (cloves inoculate + soil inoculate) method for garlic plants rising their efficiency and reduce application rate of NP-fertilizers (about 25 % ), thereby reducing costs and environmental pollution problems. Therefore, this treatment could be recommended for raising garlic yield and improving bulb quality during the storage period under similar conditions to this work.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501FACTORS AFFECTING EMBRYOGENESIS IN MICROSPORE CULTURES OF BROCCOLI (Brassica oleracea var. italica)5067507611838410.21608/jpp.2009.118384ENM. A.BadawiDepartment of Vegetable Crops , Faculty of Agric., Cairo Univ. , Egypt.E. E.MetwallyDepartment of Vegetable Crops , Faculty of Agric., Tanta Univ. , EgyptSahar S.TahaDepartment of Vegetable Crops , Faculty of Agric., Cairo Univ. , Egypt.Marwa O.ArafehDepartment of Vegetable Crops , Faculty of Agric., Cairo Univ. , Egypt.Journal Article20201012 Microspore culture is a very important and useful tool in plant breeding for haploid production and has been developed for many years. Broccoli (<em>Brassica oleracea </em>var. italica) is an important vegetable crop. Conditions for reliable induction of embryogenesis from isolated microspores were studied in eight genotypes of broccoli (Hanin, Conde F<sub>1</sub>, Baladi, Belstar F<sub>1</sub>, Marathon F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong>, Parthenon F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong>, Naxos F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong> and Tiburom ). The optimum timing for microspore culture was confirmed to be during the mid to late uninucleate stage. The highest yield was 237.33 embryo per dish from genotype Parthenon F<sub>1</sub>. Embryo yields were significantly increased in broccoli genotypes by the incubation at 32.5 <sup>◦</sup>C for 24 hours, than that incubated at 32.5 <sup>◦</sup>C for 48 hours or 35.5 <sup>◦</sup>C for 24 or 48 hours. The use of the <sub>1<em>/</em>2</sub> NLN-13 medium yielded greater number of embryos than the standard NLN-13 and B5 media. The magnitude of the response to the reduction of the concentration of major salts by half in the NLN medium varied with the different genotypes. Parthenon F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong> and Marathon F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong> presented a better response to the reduction of the concentration of major salts by half in NLN-13. Microspore culture density on embryo production was evaluated in selected genotypes. Microspore plating density was critical for efficient embryonic induction and development, with an optimal plating density of 4×10<sup>4</sup> microspore/ml. which obtained resulted in 237.33 embryo from Parthenon F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong> and 171.00 embryo from Marathon F<strong><sub>1</sub></strong>. Activated charcoal (0.2 ml) added to the liquid NLN-13 medium, increased embryo yield significantly as compared to those cultures without activated charcoal.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501RESPONSE OF MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) CV. HINDI BESINARA TO ZINC AND BORON AS SOIL AND SPRAYING APPLICATION TREATMENTS.5077508711838510.21608/jpp.2009.118385ENA. B.KamalTropical Fruit Research Division, Horticulture Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Giza, Egypt.H. A.AbdelKareemTropical Fruit Research Division, Horticulture Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Giza, Egypt.A. S.AbdAllahTropical Fruit Research Division, Horticulture Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201012This investigation was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2005/6 and 2006/7 to study the response of Hindi BeSinara cv. mango trees to zinc and boron as well as the combination (Zn+B) as soil and/or spraying application treatments. The chosen trees were 10-year-old grown in loamy soil of a private orchard at Beni-Mazar, Minia Governorate. The trees were supplied with N, P and K at rates of 1000, 400 and 1000 g/tree/year. Zn at 250 g and Boron at 500 g and its combination (Zn+B) were added as soil application. Spraying application with 150 g Zn and 300 g B and its combination (Zn+B) were occurred at monthly intervals (3 equal doses) from March to May. The obtained results revealed that all treatments of Zn and B and the combination of them did not affect growth of trees. Sex ratio, fruit length, fruit diameter and L/D ratio, total acidity and leaf contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu showed insignificant differences as compared to control. However, fruit set, yield, fruit weight, pulp and peel weight, TSS, TSS/acid ratio, leaf Zn and B contents were significantly improved by Zn and B treatments.
In addition, B treatments were more effective than Zn treatments. The combination of Zn+B treatments was the best treatment and spraying application was superior in comparison to soil application.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501SOME FOLIAR APPLICATIONS FOR IMPROVING SNAP BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) QUALITY AND YIELD AT FALL SEASON.5089510611838610.21608/jpp.2009.118386ENM. M. B.ShokrSelf-Pollination Veget. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric., Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.El-S. L. El-S.FathySelf-Pollination Veget. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric., Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201012Understanding the impact of ambient environmental condition is a concern for agricultural production. This work was undertaken to study the responses of two snap bean cultivars (Giza<sub>3</sub> and Bronco) to some stimulant substances, i.e., Cu- EDTA 8% Cu 1 ml/l; Mg-EDTA/Cit 10% Mg, 5ml/l and Fe-EDTA/Cit 10% Fe, 2ml/l in chelated forms, Ca-citrate 25% Ca, 2.5ml/l and KP/AA, 45/33.2 K<sub>2</sub>O, P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, 8.2% amino acids, 2.5ml/l; yeast extract, 25ml/l; seaweeds extracts, 5 ml/l and amino acids, 5ml/l as a foliar applications, throw two experiments conducted at El-Baramoon Res. Station, El-Dakahllia Governorate, Hort. Res. Inst. during the fall seasons of 2006 and 2007. Previous information showed that Bronco cv. display a physiological disorder at fall season (pale color of pods) which in turn negatively affects the economical value for the exportation of product, thereby, this work was suggested to improve yield and qualities, as well as growth and pigments of leaves and pods of snap bean plants, growing under abiotic stress conditions of fall season.
Results indicated that Bronco cv. surpassed Giza3 in most vegetative growth parameters. Also, chlorophyll a and b of leaves, as well as pod chlorophyll a, b and TSS showed the same trends as vegetative growth aspects, though; Giza3 had the greatest concentrations of leaf and pod carotenoids in the two seasons. In addition, the highest number of pods/plant and consequently fresh pod yield were collected by Bronco plants. in the two seasons. On the other hand, the tallest, thickness and heaviest pod were gathered from Giza3 plants. The enhanced yield was associated with pod performance and number of pods/plant, regarding genotype responses under such condition.
The applied treatments differed among them and were superior the control in all characteristics. The best applications with the two bean cvs. in most cases were Cu + Mg + Fe combination, KPaa, Mg, Fe, yeast, Ca, Cu, seaweeds extract and at least amino acids respectively, these increased the yield over control by, 24.8, 18.4, 17.3, 16.8, 13.7, 13, 12.1, 10.8 and 8.8% (mean of two seasons) respectively.
It can be concluded that sprayed snap bean plants with the combination between Cu 0.5ml/l (Cu- EDTA 8% Cu), Mg 2.5ml/l (Mg-EDTA/Cit 10% Mg) and Fe 1.0ml/l (Fe-EDTA/Cit 10% Fe) and K 2.5ml/l (KPaa, 45/33.2 K<sub>2</sub>O, P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, 8.2% amino acids) for the best growth and maximum productivity under fall season conditions.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501FACTORS AFFECTING EFFICIENCY OF SAPONIN IN CONTROLLING DAMPING-OFF5107511911838710.21608/jpp.2009.118387ENM. R.OmarPlant Pathology Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza,Eman A. M.OsmanPlant Pathology Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza,Amal A.AsranPlant Pathology Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza,S. A.OmarPlant Pathology Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza,Journal Article20201012A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of different saponin sources on incidence of cotton seedling damping-off caused by <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>, <em>sclerotium rolfsii, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium moniliforme, </em>two isolates of <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> and the mixture of these fungi on cotton cultivar Giza 86. The experiment conducted also on flax cultivar Giza 8 by using the mixture of the texted fungi. The sources of saponin were seeds of <em>Artiplex nummularia</em>, seeds of <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em>, roots of <em>Medicavo sativa</em>, and seeds of <em>Luffa aegyptiaca</em>. Three concentrations (3, 6, and 9g or ml/kg seeds) of each saponin source were tested. The fungicide Monceren at rate 3g/kg seeds was used to compare the efficiency of different sources of saponin. The saponin sources at different concentrations and Monceren were used as seed dressing. Efficiency of saponin in controlling damping-off disease differed depending on source of saponin, its concentration, the tested fungi, the tested isolate, and the host plant. Cluster analysis was used to study the antifungal patterns of the saponin sources and to compare between the tested fungi in their response patterns to the different sources of saponin.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501ANTAGONISTIC SPECIFICITY OF ISOLATES OF Trichoderma SPP. AGAINST ISOLATES OF Rhizoctonia Solani FROM COTTON ROOTS5121513611838810.21608/jpp.2009.118388ENEman A. M.OsmanPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptM. R.OmarPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptA. M.El-SamawatyPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptH. A.EisaPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20201012Biocontrol efficiency of four isolates of <em>T</em>. <em>harzianum</em> and <em>T</em>. <em>viride</em> were evaluated against twelve isolates of <em>Rhizoctonia</em> <em>solani</em> under greenhouse conditions. <em>R</em>. <em>solani</em> and <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates were isolated from cotton seedlings. Six of <em>R</em>. <em>solani</em> isolates belonged to AG4 and six belonged to AG2-2. Analysis of variance showed very highly significant effects of <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. isolates, <em>R</em>. <em>solani</em> isolates, and their interaction on preemergence damping-off, postemergence damping-off, survival, plant height, and dry weight. This interaction implies that a single isolate of antagonist can be highly effective against an isolate of <em>R</em>. <em>solani</em>, but may have only minimal effects on other isolates of <em>Rhizoctonia solani.</em> The correlation among variables used for evaluating pathogenicity of <em>R</em>. <em>solani</em> isolates under effect of <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates was studied. It was found that the application of <em>Trichoderma</em> as biocontrol agent changed the relationship between these variables. Cluster analysis of <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates based on their antagonistic patterns showed that isolates were divided to two groups. The first group included isolates of <em>T</em>. <em>harzianum</em> and isolate 2 of <em>T</em>. <em>viride</em>, while the second group included the other isolate of <em>T</em>. <em>viride</em>. It seems that grouping of <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. isolates was not related to either geographic origin or0morphological taxonomy. Cluster analysis of <em>R</em>. <em>solani</em> isolates based on their response patterns to <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates suggests that AG4 isolates were more homogeneous in their response patterns than those of AG2-2.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501RESPONSE OF FRENCH BASIL PLANTS (Ocimum bacilicum) TO NITROGEN FIXED BACTERIA5137515011839010.21608/jpp.2009.118390ENS. G. I.SolimanMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Section, Horticultural Res.Inst., A.R.C.I. M. A.HarridyMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Section, Horticultural Res.Inst., A.R.C.E. G.IsmailMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Section, Horticultural Res.Inst., A.R.C.Journal Article20201012The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Station, Horticultural Research Institute, in El-Kanater El-Khayria, Kalyobia Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2007 and 2008, to study the effect of nitrogen fixed bacteria (<em>Azotobacter, Azospirillum </em>and <em>Rhizobium</em>) and different levels (zero of NPK, half and full recommended doses) on growth, herb yield and volatile oil yield of <em>Ocimim bacilicum</em> plants. The tallest plants obtained from plants that treated with <em>Azospirillum </em>+ <em>Rhizobium</em> + full recommended dose of NPK followed by <em>Azotobacter </em>+ <em>Azospirillum</em> alone. While number of branches recorded the highest value from the treatment of <em>Rhizobium </em>+ half recommended dose of NPK in the first cut and <em>Rhizobium </em>+ full recommended dose of NPK in the second cut. The highest values of fresh and dry weights of herb/plant and total production of fresh and dry weights of herb/plant/season were obtained from <em>Azotobacter</em> + <em>Rhizobium</em> + half recommended dose of NPK in the two cuts of both seasons. The volatile oil percentages based on fresh and dry weights of herb and volatile oil yield of plant per cut and per season recorded the highest values when plants treated with <em>Azospirillum </em>alone. The high concentration from the main component of linalool in the volatile oil obtained from the treatment of <em>Azospirillum </em>alone. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF SOME APPLIED ANTIOXIDANTS ON PEPPER GROWTH AND YIELD UNDER SALINITY STRESS LEVELS5151516311839110.21608/jpp.2009.118391ENM. T.SakrBot.Dept.Faculty of Agric. Mansoura Uni. EgyptReda S. A.MetwallyBot.Dept.Faculty of Agric. Mansoura Uni. EgyptJournal Article20201012Two pot experiments were performed at the Experimental Station Farm , Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura university during two successive summer seasons of 2007 and 2008. This work was conducted to study the role of some antioxidant materials in alleviation the harmful effect of different salinity stress levels on sweet pepper cv. California wonder.
Data show that high salinity stress levels decreased all growth parameters as well as fruit yield of pepper plant during the two growing seasons (2007/2008). 6000 mg/l salinity stress level was the most effective in this respect.
On the other hand, the data show that antioxidant materials such as HA (1000 mg/l), Salicylic acid (250 mg/l), Ascorbic acid (250 mg/l), Put.( 1 mg/l) used as presoaking and foliar spray gave positive effect on growth parameters and yield of pepper plant . It could be show that applied antioxidant materials (ASA and SWE) were the most effective in increasing growth parameters of pepper plant during the two growing seasons. According to the effect of the interaction treatments of salinity stress levels (2000, 4000 or 6000 mg/l) with each of antioxidant treatment presoaking + foliar spray (HA, SA, ASA, Putrescince and SWE ). It could be show that any of applied antioxidants increased all growth parameters under low salinity level (2000 mg/l). In this case, the applied antioxidants completely mitigated the harmful effect of 2000 mg/l salinity level on growth of pepper plant. It could be say that the applied antioxidants completely counteracted the harmful effect of low and moderate salinity levels (2000 and 4000 mg/l) and partially counteracted the harmful effect of salinity stress level (6000 mg/l) on pepper yield. Ascorbic and SWE were most effective in this respect. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS APPLIED ANTIOXIDANTS ON ENDOGENOUS ENZYMATIC AND NON-ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANTS IN PEPPER PLANT GROWN UNDER SALINITY STRESS CONDITIONS5165517511839210.21608/jpp.2009.118392ENM. T.SakrBot.Dept.Faculty of Agric. Mansoura Uni. EgyptReda S. A.MetwallyBot.Dept.Faculty of Agric. Mansoura Uni. EgyptJournal Article20201012Two pot experiments were performed at the Experimental Station Farm , Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura university during two successive summer seasons of 2007 and 2008. This work was conducted to study the role of some exogenous applied antioxidant on endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under different salinity stress levels of sweet pepper cv. California wonder.
The data show that all salinity levels and each of applied antioxidants(presoaking+foliar spray) as well as their interactions slightly increased the contents of different non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenols, Ascorbic and Glutathione) in both shoot and fruits of pepper plant during the two growth seasons. Moreover SWE combined with highest salinity level treatment was the most effective in this respect.
Moreover each of salinity stress levels (2000, 4000 or 6000 mg/l) increased Super oxide dismutase (SOD) and Ascorbic peroxidase ( APX) activity in both shoot and fruits of pepper plants. In addition The data show that any of applied antioxidants (HA, SA, ASA, Tochopherol, Put., SWE ) alone or combined with different salinity stress levels also increased the activity of SOD, APX enzymes in both shoot and fruits of pepper plant, during the two growth seasons<strong>. </strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501CHARACTERIZATION OF Fusarium moniliforme INVOLVED IN COTTON SEEDLING DAMPING-OFF BY PATHOGENICITY AND ELECTROPHORETIC PROTEIN PROFILES5177518811839310.21608/jpp.2009.118393ENM. R.OmarPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Eman A. M.OsmanPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Kh. K.KasemPlant Pathology Department, Cairo University, Egypt.Amal A.AsranPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20201012Pathogenicity of fourteen isolates of <em>Fusarium moniliforme</em>, from different cotton-growing areas of Egypt was evaluated on cotton cultivar Giza 86 under greenhouse conditions. All the tested isolates were pathogenic. They affected all disease variables. Isolates no<sub>s</sub>. 3, 13, 1, and 10 were the most pathogenic isolates in pre-emergence stage, while isolates no<sub>s</sub>. 2, 10, and 3 were the most pathogenic isolates in post-emergence stage. All isolates were more pathogenic in pre-emergence stage than post-emergence stage except isolate no. 2, which was more pathogenic in post-emergence stage. All tested isolates significantly reduced both of plant height and dry weight of seedlings. There were no relationship between pathogenicity of the isolates and their geographic origins. There was a negative significant correlation between pre-emergence damping-off and the dry weight of seedlings. Also, there was a negative significant correlation between post-emergence damping-off and survival. Cluster analysis of isolates based on pathogenicity patternes showed that there was no relationship between virulence patternes of isolates and their geographic origin. Electrophoretic protein profiles of isolates showed that the population of Upper Egypt was genetically differed from that of Nile Delta. There was a correlation between protein profiles and geographic origin of isolates, while there was no correlation between protein profiles and pathogenicity of isolates.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF PHYTOHORMONES ON UREASE ACTIVITY OF MARROW COTYLEDONS5189519411839410.21608/jpp.2009.118394ENH. M.El-ShoraBotany Department, faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptLamiaa F. M.El SaidBotany Department, faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptJournal Article20201012Urease (EC 3.5.1.5, urea amidohydrolase) was isolated from marrow cotyledons of 5-day old seedlings. The effect of exogenous phytohormones namely indolebutyric acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, indolepropionic acid, indoleacetic acid and zeatin at various concentrations (100-600 µmol) on urease activity in the cotyledons of marrow was investigated. The optimum concentrations of the five compounds that gave the highest activities of urease were 500 mol for indolebutyric acid indoleacetic acid, and 400 mol for naphthaleneacetic acid and indolepropionic acid However, the optimum concentration for zeatin was 100 µmol .Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-366934520090501EFFECT OF ORGANIC, BIO- AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH, YIELD, OIL PRODUCTIVITY AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF CORIANDER PLANT5195520811839510.21608/jpp.2009.118395ENM. Y. A.AbdallaVeget. and Flor. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.Journal Article20201012This experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station and in the Laboratory of Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the two successive seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 to study the effect of fertilization with cattle manure, bio-fertilizer and/or mineral NPK on growth, yield, oil production and chemical composition of coriander plant.
Regarding the effect of organic fertilization, the obtained results indicated that the application of cattle manure significantly increased plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, herb dry weight/plant (g), number of umbels/plant, yield of seeds/plant (g), yield of seeds/fed. (kg), essential oil (%), essential oil yield/plant (ml), essential oil yield/fed. (liter), leaves content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids (mg/g fresh weight), as well as the percentages of N, P and K in both seasons. The superiority in all previous traits was for the plants growing in the soil fertilized with the highest level of cattle manure (25 m<sup>3</sup>/fed.) as compared with the lower levels.
The plants fertilized with either 100% NPK or 75% NPK plus the two bio-fertilizers (effective microorganisms and phosphorein) gave the best results in all investigated parameters in both seasons, whereas the least values were recorded by the plants fertilized with the two bio-fertilizers either individually or together.
The interaction between cattle manure, bio- and/or NPK treatments were the most effective on the previous parameters. The highest values in all measurements were obtained due to the high cattle manure level (25 m<sup>3</sup>/fed.) in combination with the two bio-fertilizers plus 75% NPK or 100% NPK alone. Such two superior treatments gave almost equal results which assure the possibility of replacing 25% of the chemical NPK by the use of effective microorganisms plus phosphorein in fertilizing medicinal or aromatic plants such as <em>Coriandrum sativum</em>.