Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201SEED PRIMING INFLUENCES SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF TOMATO UNDER DIFFERENT SALINITY LEVELS1591708634310.21608/jpp.2010.86343ENS. K.El-SaifiHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.H. M. I.AhmedVegetable Research Division, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.Sawsan M.HasanHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.M. M.MorsiHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.Rowaa S.El-ShatouryHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20200501This study was conducted during the years of 2007, 2008 and 2009 in the green house and Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez CanalUniversity, Ismalia, Egypt.This experiment was carried out to study the effect of seed priming under different levels of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth and field behavior of tomato.
Under laboratory conditions<strong>, </strong>low salinity level (1500 ppm) or un saline (control) recorded maximum values of germination percentage (GP%), germination performance index (GPT) and coefficient of velocity and minimum values of mean germination time (MGT) , uniformity germination and T50 % and tallest seedling. Maximum values of fresh and dry weight/ seedling, total carbohydrate, total phenol and peroxidase enzyme activity were also recorded under low salinity level. Seed priming in KCl was the superior treatment for enhancing GP%, GPI, coefficient of velocity, both fresh and dry weight with no significant differences with NaCl with respect to coefficient of velocity.
Under green house conditions, low salinity at 1500 ppm significantly increased growth rate, leaf production per week, both fresh and dry weight as well as number of leaves / plant, concentration of chlorophyll a and b as well as carotenoides in leaf tissues of tomato compared with other treatments or control<strong>. </strong>Seed priming in PEG significantly increased growth rate, leaf production per week, both fresh and dry weight and number of leaves/ plant<strong>, </strong>concentration of chlorophyll a and b as well as carotenoides in leaf tissues of tomato<strong>.</strong>
The interaction between seed priming and salinity levels showed a significant effect on seedling growth and chemical constituents of germinated seeds of tomato<strong>.</strong>
This study was conducted during the years of 2007, 2008 and 2009 in the green house and Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez CanalUniversity, Ismalia, Egypt.This experiment was carried out to study the effect of seed priming under different levels of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth and field behavior of tomato.
Under laboratory conditions<strong>, </strong>low salinity level (1500 ppm) or un saline (control) recorded maximum values of germination percentage (GP%), germination performance index (GPT) and coefficient of velocity and minimum values of mean germination time (MGT) , uniformity germination and T50 % and tallest seedling. Maximum values of fresh and dry weight/ seedling, total carbohydrate, total phenol and peroxidase enzyme activity were also recorded under low salinity level. Seed priming in KCl was the superior treatment for enhancing GP%, GPI, coefficient of velocity, both fresh and dry weight with no significant differences with NaCl with respect to coefficient of velocity.
Under green house conditions, low salinity at 1500 ppm significantly increased growth rate, leaf production per week, both fresh and dry weight as well as number of leaves / plant, concentration of chlorophyll a and b as well as carotenoides in leaf tissues of tomato compared with other treatments or control<strong>. </strong>Seed priming in PEG significantly increased growth rate, leaf production per week, both fresh and dry weight and number of leaves/ plant<strong>, </strong>concentration of chlorophyll a and b as well as carotenoides in leaf tissues of tomato<strong>.</strong>
The interaction between seed priming and salinity levels showed a significant effect on seedling growth and chemical constituents of germinated seeds of tomato<strong>.</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201AN ATTEMPT TO IMPROVE SWEET CORN SEED GERMINATION UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS BY USING SEED PRIMING1711818634410.21608/jpp.2010.86344ENS. K.El-SaifiHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.H. M. I.AhmedVegetable Research Division, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.M. M.MorsiHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.Sawsan M.HasanHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.Rowaa S.El-ShatouryHorticulture Dept., Fac. of Agric. (Ismaila), Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20200501This study was conducted during the years of 2007, 2008 and 2009 in the Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez CanalUniversity, Ismalia, Egypt.This experiment was carried out to study the effect of seed priming under low temperature on seed germination, seedling growth and chemical constituents of sweet corn.
Seed priming of sweet corn seeds in mannitol or PEG at 25 <sup>o</sup>C recorded maximum values of germination percentage, fresh and dry weight/seedling and gave the tallest seedling, whereas seed priming in KNO<sub>3</sub> at 25 <sup>o</sup>C gave the earliest germination and more uniformity of germination in both seasons. Seed priming in KNO3 at 10 <sup>o</sup>C increased contents of total carbohydrate, total phenol and amylase enzyme in seedling, whereas seed priming in mannitol at 10 <sup>o</sup>C increased peroxidase enzyme.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201تأثير أشعة غاما في بعض الصفات المورفوفينولوجية والإنتاجية لنباتات الجيل الطافر الأول من محصول فول الصويا1831918634510.21608/jpp.2010.86345ENخالد محمدالطويلةقسم المحاصيل الحقلية، کلية الزراعة، جامعة البعث، حمص، سورية.فيصل بکورقسم المحاصيل الحقلية، کلية الزراعة، جامعة البعث، حمص، سورية.مشهور غانمالهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية، دمشق، سورية.Journal Article20200501عرضت بذور صنف فول الصويا 44Sb إلى أربع جرعات من أشعة غاما هي (4، 8، 12، 16) کيلو راد بهدف الحصول على طفرات تکون نواة لأصناف جديدة تخدم في زيادة الإنتاج وتحسين نوعيته، وترکت معاملة بدون تطفير(0 کيلو راد) تمثل شاهد المقارنة (الکونترول). بينت النتائج أن المعاملة بأشعة غاما قد أحدثت تغيرات مورفولوجية وتشوهات مختلفة عند الجرعات الأربعة المطبقة، فقد انخفضت نسبة الإنبات مع زيادة الجرعة، وبلغت نسب الإنبات(68.2, 64.1, 45, 31.1)% عند الجرعات (4, 8, 12, 16) کيلو راد على التوالي, أما نسبة الإنبات في الکونترول فکانت 68.1%. أظهرت النتائج أيضاً تناسب عدد النباتات الضاجعة طرداً مع زيادة الجرعة، حيث بلغت نسبة النباتات الضاجعة (0، 0.7، 3، 11)% ونسبة النباتات الطافرة (6.7، 14، 16، 26.5)% عند الجرعات (4, 8, 12 ,16) کيلو راد على التوالي، وبالنسبة للصفات (قطر الساق عند العقدة الأولى وطول حامل الورقة وعدد الفروع الثمرية وعدد القرون/النبات وعدد البذور في النبات ووزن الـ100 بذرة وإنتاجية النبات) فقد تفوقت الجرعتان(12، 16) کيلو راد على الکونترول وبقية الجرعات. أما صفتي ارتفاع أول قرن وارتفاع النبات، فکان للمعاملة بالأشعة تأثير سلبي على هاتين الصفتين، حيث انخفض ارتفاع أول قرن وارتفاع النبات عند تطبيق الجرعات مقارنة بالکونترول، في حين لم توجد فروق معنوية بين الکونترول والجرعات المطبقة بالنسبة لصفة عدد البذور في القرن، مما يدل على عدم استجابة هذه الصفة للمعاملة بالإشعاع.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201GROWTH, YIELD AND STORABILITY OF ONION BULBS, AS AFFECTED BY IRRIGATION TREATMENTS AND CULTIVARS REFERRING TO WATER CONSUMPTION1932048634610.21608/jpp.2010.86346ENA. A.KandilFaculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., EgyptA. A.LeilahFaculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., EgyptA. Kh.MostafaOnion Research Section, Field Crop Research Inst., A.R.C., EgyptF. H. F.HassanOnion Research Section, Field Crop Research Inst., A.R.C., EgyptJournal Article20200501This work was carried out at Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station Farm (Gharbeia Governorate) during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 onion growth seasons, to study the effect of four irrigation regimes (one, two, three and four irrigations) and behavior of six new onion cultivars selected by Onion Research Section (Composite 9, Giza white, Behairy no pink, 1866 Globe, Giza Red and Giza 20) on growth, earliness bulb yield (ton/fed) and storability of bulbs as well as water consumption.
A separate experiment for each irrigation treatment was used with Randomize Complete Blocks Design in four replication.
<strong>The main obtained results from this investigation cane be summarized as follows:</strong>
1- Giving onion plants 2-3 irrigations increased average plant length (cm), number of leaves/plant, days to maturity, total yield (ton/fed), marketable yield (ton/fed) and culls yield (ton/fed). Whereas, decreasing bulbing ratio, dry matter percentage of plants, percentage of total loss in marketable yield during storage period of four months were increased with increasing of number irrigations to 2-3 irrigations. One, two and three irrigations saved 55.17 and 53.23 % (about 1349.63 and 1238.84 m<sup>3</sup>/fed), 35.13 and 37.85 % (about 861.95 and 880.84 m<sup>3</sup>/fed) and 17.84 and 15.54 % (about 436.41 and 3611.67 m<sup>3</sup>/fed) compared to giving four irrigations.
2- Giza Red and Giza 20 cultivars increased plant length (cm), number of leaves/plant, percentage of dry matter in plants, number of days to maturity, total yield (ton/fed) and marketable yield (ton/fed) as compared with other cultivars . Whereas, Giza White and Comp. 9 cultivars caused a decrease in plant height (cm), number of leaves/plant, fresh weight/plant and bulbing ratio. The higher culls bulbs was associated with 1866 Globe and Giza 20. Whereas, Giza White cultivar produced less culls bulbs (t/fed). The highest total loss weight during storage period of four months was abserved with Comp. 9. Whereas, the less loss of weight was observed with Giza Red and Giza 20. Comp. 9 cultivar. consumed the highest irrigation water (1836.45 and 1785.58 m<sup>3</sup>/fed) in both seasons. Whereas, Giza 20 and Behairy no Pink cultivars consumed less irrigation water.
3- The interaction between irrigation regimes and cultivars showed significant effects on marketable bulb yield (ton/fed) and total culls (ton/fed) in 2006/2007 season. The maximum marketable yield was observed with the treatment combination of giving 3-4 irrigations to Giza 20 cultivar. The maximum total culls bulbs (5.73 ton/fed) was observed under the treatment combinations of four irrigations and 1866 Globe cultivar.
Generally, it cane be concluded that giving 2-3 irrigations to Giza Red and Giza 20 cultivars saved suitable quantity of irrigation water and produced the highest onion bulbs yield with best quality. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201STUDY ON THE INTERNAL BULB QUALITY OF SAME NEW EGYPTIAN ONION CULTIVARS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES.2052128634710.21608/jpp.2010.86347ENA. A.KandilFaculty of Agric. Mansoura Univ., EgyptA. A.LeilahFaculty of Agric. Mansoura Univ., EgyptA. Kh.MostafaOnion Research Section, Field Crop Research Inst., A.R.C., EgyptF. H. F.HassanOnion Research Section, Field Crop Research Inst., A.R.C., EgyptJournal Article20200501This investigation was carried out at Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station Farm, Gharbeia Governorate during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 onion growth seasons. The objectives of this study was aimed to study the effect of four irrigation regimes (one, two, three and four irrigations) and six onion cultivars selected by Onion Research Section (Composite 9, Giza white, Behairy no pink, 1866 Globe, Giza Red and Giza 20) on internal bulb quality. A separate experiment for each irrigation treatment was used Randomize Complete Blocks Design in four replications.
<strong>The main obtained results from this investigation cane be summarized as follows:</strong>
1- Average weight of bulbs, average number of growing points and average number of complete rings increased with every increase of irrigations up to 3 irrigations. Whereas, total soluble solids and average percentage of dry matter decreased with every increase of irrigations. Shape index and stem plate diameter were not affected by irrigation regimes.
2- Giza 20 and Comp. 9 cultivars have the heaviest bulb weight followed by Giza Red. Whereas, Giza White have the lowest bulb weight. Behairy no Pink and 1866 Globe cultivars were nearly globe. Shape index and the another tested cultivars seemed to be thick flat and highly thick flat shape index. Giza White and Giza 20 cultivars have the widest stem plate diameter, whereas, 1866 Globe and Behairy no Pink cultivars have the lowest stem plate diameter. Giza Red and Giza 20 cultivars have the highest number of growing points/bulb. 1866 Globe cultivar have the highest average number of complete rings/bulb. Whereas, Giza 20 cultivar have the lowest average number of complete rings/bulb. Giza White cultivar have the highest values of total soluble solids. Whereas, Comp. 9 cultivar have the lowest values of total soluble solids. Giza White cultivar have the highest values of dry matter content followed by Giza 20 and Giza Red. Whereas, Comp. 9 cultivar have the lowest values of dry matter content in bulbs.
3- The interaction between irrigation regimes and cultivars showed significant effects on average stem plate diameter/bulb in the second season of study. Giza White have the widest stem plate diameter when gave three irrigations.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201IMPACT OF WATER STRESS ON YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF SOME FLAX GENOTYPES (Linum usitatissimum, L.)2132278634810.21608/jpp.2010.86348ENA. A.LeilahAgronomy department Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura UniversityM. H.GhonemaAgronomy department Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura UniversityM. E.KineberField Crop Research Institute, ARCI. H.TalhaField Crop Research Institute, ARCJournal Article20200501Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm Governorate of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr-elSheikh, Egypt during the two successive seasons 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. The main objectives of this investigation were to study the effect of irrigation regime in four different growth stages (skip-irrigation at stem elongation 41 days after sowing (DAS), apical branching (64 DAS), flowering (83 DAS) and seed filling (114 DAS)). on growth, yield and yield components of six flax genotypes ( Ilona , Sakha 3, Sakha1, Sakha2, strain16 and Giza 8). The obtained results could be summarized as follows.
Skip-irrigation at seed filling gave the highest values of technical stem length in the first season , stem diameter and straw yield/fad. in both seasons. Also, flax genotypes under study differed significantly in their straw yield and its related characters in both seasons, except straw yield in the first season and stem diameter in the second season. Giza 8 gave the highest value in stem diameter and yield of straw yield / plant in both seasons, while Sakha 2 gave the highest straw yield /Fad. in both seasons.
The interaction between irrigation treatment and flax genotypes had a highly significant in technical stem length and straw yield per plant in the first season.
Skip-irrigation during the seed filling gave the highest values in length of top capsule zone, number of capsules/plant, number of seeds/ plant and seed yield/Fad. in both seasons. Skip-irrigation at flowering stage gave the highest oil seed percentage in both seasons.
Also, flax genotypes under study differed significantly in their seed yield and its related characters in both seasons. In this respect Strain16 recorded the highest length of top capsule zone, number of capsules per plant, seed yield per plant in first season while Giza 8 recorded highest value in second season. Strain 16 recorded the highest value in seed oil content in both seasons.
The interaction between irrigation treatment and flax genotypes was significantly for length of top capsule zone, number of capsules /plant, number of seeds/plant and seed oil content in both seasons.
On light of the obtained results, skip one irrigation during the seed filling stage gave better results under lower amounts of water during the growth of flax.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITIES AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION RATES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SUGAR BEET CROP IN SANDY RECLAIMED SOILS. (Beta vulgaris L.).2292378634910.21608/jpp.2010.86349ENA. I.NafeiAgron. Dept., Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza.A. M. H.OsmanAgron. Dept., Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza.Maha M.El.ZenyAgron. Dept., Sugar Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza.Journal Article20200501Two field experiments were carried out during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons at Kafr El-Hammam Research Station, Sharkia Governorate to study the effect of planting densities and potassium fertilizer levels as well as their interaction on sugar beet productivity.
Increasing plant densities from 28000 to 42000 significantly increased root length, diameter, fresh weight/plants, sucrose%, total soluble solids (TSS%), phosphorus % in roots as well as top, root and sugar yields (ton/fed) in both seasons. Plant density at 42000 plants/fed was the best treatment, where it gave the highest values on most traits under study.
Potassium fertilizer level at 36 Kg K<sub>2</sub>O/fed gave significant increase root length, diameter, fresh weight/plant, total soluble solids% and root yield in both seasons as well as sugar yield in the 1<sup>st</sup> season only. In general, potassium at the level 36 kg K<sub>2</sub>O/fed was more effective than at 18 kg K<sub>2</sub>O/fed.
Interaction between plant densities and potassium fertilization levels do not gave any significant increase on all studied traits.
In general it can be concluded that sowing sugar beet with 42000 plants/fed and potassium fertilizer levels at 36 kg K<sub>2</sub>O/fed were the best treatment for maximizing sugar beet productivity in the newly reclaimed sandy soils under the environmental conditions of the present study.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201ONION SEED YIELD AND ITS QUALITY AS INFLUENCED BY STORAGE METHODS, MOTHER BULB SIZE AND HARVESTING TIME2392498635010.21608/jpp.2010.86350ENM. A.BadawiAgron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.S. E.SeadhAgron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.M. I.El-EmerySeed Tech. Res. Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. E.M.ShalabySeed Tech. Res. Dept., Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200501Two field experiments were carried out in Tag AL-Ezz, Agricultural Research Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons to determine the effect of two storage methods (normal and cold), three mother bulb sizes (large, medium and small) and three harvesting times of seeds (early, intermediate and late) on onion growth, seed yield and its components as well as seed quality.
<strong>The main results of this investigation could be summarized as follows:</strong>
o Storage onion bulbs at 5 °C for 2 months produced the highest values of growth, seed yield and its components and also high seed quality in both seasons.
o Planting large size of mother bulb resulted in the highest values of growth, seed yield and its components and also high seed quality. However, medium size of bulb might be recommended due to economic consideration.
o Harvesting time had a significant effect on number of leaves/plant and root length (in the first season), number of scapes/plant, seed head weight, number of flowers/seed head, number of seeds/seed head, weight of seeds/seed head, seed yield/plant and seed yield/fed in both seasons. Harvesting onion seeds after 157 days from sowing (medium harvesting time) recorded the highest seed yield and also most its components.
o The results recommended storage medium size of mother bulbs at 5 °C for 2 months before sowing and harvesting after 157 days from sowing to raise onion seed productivity and its quality.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201PHENOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) AS AFFECTED BY NITROGEN RATES UNDER SANA'A CONDITIONS2512648635110.21608/jpp.2010.86351ENA. A .AbdalsalamDept.of Plant Protection (Botany and Plant Pathology), Fac. of Agric., Sana’a Univ., YemenY. A.Al-ShebaniDept. of Agronmy and Pastures, Fac. of Agric., Sana’a Univ., YemenJournal Article20200501Two field experiments were conducted during 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons at the Educational Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University. Phenological and productivity characteristics of two sesame (<em>Sesamum indicum </em>L.) cultivars under different nitrogen rates were investigated. The experiments were laid out in a split plot design with N levels of 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ ha<sup>-1</sup> assigned to the main plots and the two sesame cultivars (Kod-94 and Local) assigned to the subplots. The interaction effects between used nitrogen levels and cultivars were tested. Plants growth and development behavior was studied during the different periods from seedling to harvest time. Data indicated that increasing nitrogen rates by 0, 50 and 100 up to 150 kg N per hectare significantly increased growth of plant traits, yield/ha and yield components. Both tested cultivars of sesame differed significantly in number of leaves per plant, 1000 seed weight, length of capsule and oil percentage. Sesame cultivar Kod-94 was superior in yield/ha and yield components over sesame cultivar Local. Growth characters, yield/ha and yield components significantly enhanced the positive interaction between N fertilizer levels and sesame cultivars. The maximum value (1.26) seeds yield ton/ha and oil percentage (51.7%) were obtained when sesame cv. Kod-94 was fertilized by 150 kg N/ha. While, the lowest values of these two characters were recorded in plots with zero nitrogen whatever the sesame cultivar grown was. Data showed clearly that the local cultivar was very susceptible to powdery mildew, while sesame cv. Kod-94 was very resistant as no symptoms of the disease was recorded at all growth stages and with all nitrogen fertilizer treatments.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201تقييم الاختلافات المورفولوجية والفسيولوجية لبعض أصناف القمح السورية والمصرية في المراحل الأولى للنمو( حقلياً ومخبرياً): أولا- الأصناف السورية2652788635210.21608/jpp.2010.86352ENمحمود یوسفصبوحقسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربيةالمتولي عبد اللهالمتوليقسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربيةرؤى الشیخعليقسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربيةJournal Article20200501نفذ هذا البحث في حقول ومخابر(معامل) کليتي الزراعة بجامعتي دمشق والقاهرة خلال موسمي 2008-2009 و2009-2010، لتقييم استجابة عشرة طرز سورية معتمدة من القمح القاسي (الصلب) والطري (اللين) لظروف الإجهاد الحلولي (الإسموزى) ، والحرارة المرتفعة (حقلياً ومخبرياً ) ، باستعمال تقانتي الاستجابة للتحريض(التحفيز) الحلولي (OIRT)، والحراري (HIRT) عند مرحلة البادرة الفتية (عمر يومين)، بهدف عزل الطرز المتحملة عن نظيراتها الحساسة، إضافةً إلى دراسة أهمية التحريض الحلولي والحراري في تحسين مقدرة البادرات على تحمل المستويات الحلولية والحرارية المميتة على التوالى. تم اختيار هذه االطرز بناءاً على صفاتها المورفولوجية والإنتاجية في الحقل، حيث تمت زراعة عشرين طرازاً من القمح الطري والقاسي في حقول کلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق في موسم 2008-2009 ، وسجلت القراءات لعددٍ من الصفات المورفولوجية والإنتاجية ( تاريخ بدء الاشطاء (تفريع قاعدى) ، طول النبات، تاريح طرد 50% من السنابل ،تاريخ النضج التام ، طول السنبلة ، الانتاجية طن/هکتار ) وتم اختيار أفضل عشرة طرز منها لتقييمها مخبرياً فى مرحلة البادرة خلال موسم 2009-2010. وقد لوحظ وجود تباين وراثي لاستجابة الطرز المدروسة للإجهاد الحلولي والحرارة المرتفعة. وکانت الطرز شام1، شام4، شام7، دوما1 عالية التحمل لکلا الإجهادين المدروسين، في حين أبدت بعض الطرز، مثل بحوث8، وشام3، وبحوث6، وحوراني، تحملاً للإجهاد الحراري. وبينت النتائج أنّ متوسط طول الجذور والبادرات کان الأعلى معنوياً في البادرات المحرّضة حلولياً، وکانت نسبة الانخفاض في النمو فيها الأدنى معنوياً بالمقارنة مع البادرات غير المحرضة، مما يشير إلى أهمية التحريض في زيادة کفاءة البادرات في تحمل المستويات المميتة من الإجهاد الحلولي.
وکقيمة تطبيقية لنتائج البحث يمکن القول أن الطراز شام10 يعتبر أحسن الطرز لغلته العالية ، في حين يعتبر الطراز دوما 1 مصدراً وراثياً ثرياً للامداد بالمورثات القادرة على تحمل اجهادات الجفاف المرتفعة في برامج تربية القمح ، في حين يعتبر الطراز بحوث 6 مصدراً لاعطاء المقدرة على تحمل الاجهاد الحراري ، في الوقت الذي يمکن القبول باعتبار الطرز شام1،شام4،شام7 مصادر لتوليد التحمل للاجهادين الجفافي والحراري . في الوقت الذي يعتبرفيه شام7وبحوث6 من الطرز الثنائية (محصول متميز ومقدرة عالية على تحمل الاجهادات موضع الدراسة ) وقد يمکن التوصية بزراعتها تحت ظروف تشيع فيها هذه الاجهادات.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201EFFECT OF SOAKING RICE (Oryza sativa, L.) SEED IN SOME ANITIOXIDANTS SOLUTIONS ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING VIGOR UNDER DIFFERENT SALINITY LEVELS2792908635310.21608/jpp.2010.86353ENF. I.YousofSeed Tech. Res. Sec. Field Crops Res. Institute, A.R.C. EgyptI. F.MersalSeed Tech. Res. Sec. Field Crops Res. Institute, A.R.C. EgyptA. A. M.EL-EmamSeed Tech. Res. Sec. Field Crops Res. Institute, A.R.C. EgyptJournal Article20200501Laboratory experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Seed Technology Research Section, Mansoura during 2009 and 2010 years to study the effect of soaking rice seed cv. Sakha 103 in five antioxidant solutions i.e. ascorbic acid, α-tochopherol, salicylic acid, citric acid and humic acid in addition to (control) distilled water on germination percentage, seed and seedling vigor as well as seedlings chemical traits under four salinity levels i. e. tap water (250ppm.), 2000ppm. 4000ppm and 6000ppm. The results revealed that: Increasing salinity levels not only reduced seed germination but also decreased seed vigor traits which measured by (speed germination index, germination energy, germination rate, mean germination time and time to get 50% germination). Emerged seedlings at the highest salinity levels especially at 6000ppm were most weakness comparing with 250ppm (tap water), seedlings proline content increased up to salinity level 4000ppm and decreased at 6000ppm, meanwhile ascorbate content, peroxidase enzyme and chlorophyll A and B markedly decreased at high salinity levels. Soaking seed in ascorbic or salicylic acid solution improved seed germination, seed vigor and seedlings vigor comparing with soaking in distilled water and promote proline production and increased both of ascorbate content and peroxidase enzyme. Soaking seed in ascorbic or salicylic acid improved seed germination, seed and seedlings vigor under salinity levels comparing with the other antioxidants and distilled water. Also increased proline content within each salinity level under study, except in salinity level (6000 ppm) with all antioxidant solution. In general under salinity conditions, soaking rice seed cv. Sakha 103 in ascorbic acid (100 ppm) or salicylic acid (100 ppm) improved seed germination and seedlings vigor and mitigation the harmful effect of salinity.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEW CITRUS VARIETIES UNDER SOUTH EL-TAHRIER DISTRICT CONDITIONS2913008635410.21608/jpp.2010.86354ENR. A.SayedCitrus Research Dept., Horticulture Res. Institute, ARC, Cairo, EgyptR. A.Abdel-AzizCitrus Research Dept., Horticulture Res. Institute, ARC, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20200501The performance of two lemon cultivars namely Feminello and Eureka lemon (<em>Citrus limon </em>(L.) Brum.f), four orange cultivars namely navel orange (Navelina, Navelate, Newhall and Washington navel orange (<em>Citrus sinensis </em>L. Osbeck)) and four mandarin cultivars namely seedless mandarin, thorny Clementine, thornless Clementine and Balady mandarin (<em>Citrus reticulata</em> Blanco), respectively were done at South El Tahrir research station, Beheira Gov. during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 under similar cultural practices. Preliminary observations under the prevailing conditions indicated that Feminello lemon, Newhall navel orange, Washington navel orange and both thornless and thorny Clementine were excellent with an average 7.46, 6.87, 6.45 and 6.58 ton/fed, respectively whereas Navelina, Navelate and Balady and seedless mandarin occupied the second position. However, the vegetative growth of the promising varieties was directly proportional to root horizontal and vertical extension.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201RESPONSE OF HARDWOOD STEM CUTTINGS OF GUAVA (Psidium guajava L.) TO VARIOUS GROWTH AND ROOT PROMOTING REGULATORS.3013178635510.21608/jpp.2010.86355ENL. G.SamaanDepartment of Pomology, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.E. F. A.EL-DengawyDept. of Pomology, Fac. of Agric., Damietta branch, Mans.Univ., Egypt.Maiada E.EL-ZayatDepartment of Pomology, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20200501The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of 3 solutions of growth and root-induced regulators, Indolebutyric acid (IBA) at 4000ppm, Hydrogen Peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) at 3.5% and Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> at 24mg/L along with wounding process, either solely or in interactions, on rooting ability of hardwood cuttings of guava cv. Balady (<em>Psidium guajava </em>L.). The basal portion of wounded and non-wounded cuttings just before inserted in the planting medium (Sand and Peatmoss 1:1 v/v) were dipped in these solutions for 30 second each.
Growth and root-induced regulators were significantly affected buds burst and survival percentages per cutting. A similar effect was shown on number of shoots and leaves per cutting at 1.5-month-old, along with rooting percentage, primary roots number, primary root length and secondary roots number per cutting at 3 month-old. Maximum average of buds burst % at 8-week-old (81.52%) and buds survival % at 12-week-old (62.83%) along with more number of shoots/cutting (3.43 shoots), more number of leaves/cutting (5.75 leaves), maximum rooting percentage (70.67%), more primary roots number/cutting (24.96 roots) and maximum primary root length/cutting (8.38cm) were noticed in hardwood wounded cuttings pre-planting treated with dipping in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution at 3.5% and in IBA solution at 4000ppm for 30 second each (T<sub>12</sub>). More secondary roots number/cutting (11.34 roots) was tabulated in wounded cuttings treated with wounding process only (T<sub>8</sub>). The corresponding average results in non-wounded treated cuttings indicated that maximum buds burst percentage (72.65%) was in cuttings treated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution (T<sub>3</sub>). Maximum buds survival percentage (53.05%), more shoots number per cutting (2.55 shoots), more leaves number/cutting (4.89 leaves), maximum rooting percentage (43.00%) and more primary roots number/cutting (16.65 roots) were observed in cuttings treated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> at 3.5% and IBA at 4000ppm for 30 second each (T<sub>5</sub>). Maximum primary root length/cutting (7.10cm) and more secondary roots number/cutting (5.67 roots) were recorded for non-wounded cuttings treated with IBA at 4000ppm for 30 second (T<sub>2</sub>).Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201ENHANCED SILYMARIN ACCUMULATION AS INFLUENCE OF MEDIUM COMPOSITION IN CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES OF Silybum marianum (L.) GAERTN.3193328635610.21608/jpp.2010.86356ENKawthar A. E.RabieAgric. Botany Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Keima, Cairo, Egypt.Mona S.Abd El-AalAgric. Botany Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Keima, Cairo, Egypt.H. H.ManafAgric. Botany Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shoubra El-Keima, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200501Silymarin production was examined in cell suspension cultures derived from hypocotyl of <em>Silybum marianum </em>(L.) Gaertn. MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of sucrose, glucose, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>, L-Phenylalanine, L-Tyrosine and yeast extract was used. Tyrosine 10 mg/l, 0.5 KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> con., 0.75 NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> con., 0.75 KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> + K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> con., glucose 30 g/l, 0.5 CaCl<sub>2</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O, tyrosine 20 mg/l and yeast extract 40 mg/l (3 days incubation period) showed the highest production of silymarin in callus cells to reach 79%, 57.5%, 46%, 24.2%, 21.2%, 19.7%, 9.7% and 8.6% over the control respectively. The same trend was obtained by HPLC (qualitative assay).Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36691220100201INFLUENCE OF NaCL SALINITY ON GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum, L.).3333458635710.21608/jpp.2010.86357ENM. N.HelalyDept. of Agric. Botany, Faculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.Z. A.MohamedDept. of Agric. Botany, Faculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.M. M.Abdel MaksoudDept. of Genetic, Faculty of Agric.. Mansoura Univ., Egypt.Sally A. A.ArafaDept. of Agric. Botany, Faculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20200501Some wheat genotypes were evaluated to salt stress during the germination and early seedling growth. Salinity, in general decreased germination percentage and seedling growth characters representing by root and shoot lengths as well as their fresh and dry weight in most studied genotypes depending on the genotypes and the level of NaCl salinity . however, genotypes Gemmeiza 7 and Gemmeiza 10 x C.B.255 showed a stimulation response to NaCl salinity up to 6000 mg/l . The stimulating effect of salinity on the two mentioned genotypes was discussed.
On the other hand, total sugars and proline concentrations were significantly increased in the shoots of all genotypes grown under salt stress. Moreover, Na<sup>+</sup> concentration was increased whereas, that of K<sup>+</sup> decreased in the shoots.
The data concluded that, cv(s) Gemmeiza 7 and Gemmeiza 10x C.B.255 of wheat were more tolerant to salt stress up to 6000 mg NaCl/l and the former cv proved to be more tolerant as compared to all studied genotypes.