Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401EFFECT OF SOWING DATE AND FOLIAR SPRAY OF LUPINE SEED EXTRACT ON FOLIAGE YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, SEED YIELD AND SEED QUALITY OF SPINACH (Spinacia oleracea L.) AS WELL AS ASSOCIATED WEEDS6016148419810.21608/jpp.2012.84198ENE. A.IbrahimVeget. Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. M.MoghazyVeget. Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.A. R. M.Bdr EldeenWeed control in hort., veget. crops and Road side Dept., Weed Res. Central Laboratory, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200420Two field experiments were performed at the Baramoon Experimental Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during the two seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 to study the effect of two sowing dates (15 Oct. and 15 Nov.) and foliar application with lupine seed extract at various concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15% as well as their interaction on foliage yield, chemical composition, seed yield and seed quality of spinach plants cv. Dokki as well as associated weeds. A split plot design with three replicates was used. The obtained results revealed that sowing spinach on mid-October resulted in marked increases in plant height, number of leaves per plant, foliage fresh weight per plant, total yield per fedden, dry matter percentage of leaves, nitrate content of leaves, seed production and its quality as well as associated weeds fresh weight, compared with that sown on mid-November in both seasons. Results also cleared that foliar application with the relatively high used concentration of 15 % lupine seed extract had significant promotion for most of the studied characters except associated weeds fresh weight, dry matter percentage of leaves and nitrate content of leaves which were significantly decreased as compared with the control treatment in both seasons. The interaction effect of sowing date and foliar lupine seed extract exhibited significant effect on all studied traits in both seasons. Generally, it could be concluded that sowing spinach cv. Dokki in mid October interacting with application of lupine seed extract at 15% concentration was found to be the best management system for increasing foliage yield, its quality, seed yield and seed quality under the environmental conditions of Dakhlia district. Moreover, applying lupine seed extract could be considered a powerful and environmental friendly approach to improve plant growth, quality and production, and it might open the door for new strategy for controlling the weeds in spinach fields.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401EFFECT OF PLANTING DATE ON PHENOLOGY, PRODUCTIVITY AND FLOUR QUALITY OF SOME WHEAT CULTIVARS.6156268420010.21608/jpp.2012.84200ENSamia A.HarounBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, EgyptM. A.AbbasBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, EgyptLaila M.Abo-ShobaField Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, EgyptRania F.El-MantawyField Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, EgyptJournal Article20200420A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of two planting dates ; early (25<sup>th</sup> Oct.) and late (15<sup>th </sup>Dec.) in addition to the control planted at 20<sup>th</sup> Nov. on phenology, growth, yield ( yield components and yield quality) of four bread wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) cultivars ; Sakha 93, Sakha 94 ,Gemmeiza 9 and Giza 168 at Sakha Agricultural Research Station. In general, the obtained data showed that, the requirement of days and Growing degree days (GDD) to attain different phenological stages (seedling, booting, heading, anthesis and maturity) decreased with delay in sowing date . Also, planting on the control date (20<sup>th</sup> Nov.) surpassed the other sowing dates in all yield studied parameters and flour quality. However , late sowing date (15<sup>th</sup> Dec.) caused an increase in most technological properties ( protein , wet and dry gluten) of the yielded grains .Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401VERIFICATION OF VARIETALS PURITY IN MAIZE SEEDS USING RAPD-PCR TECHNIQUE6276388420310.21608/jpp.2012.84203ENA. N.AttiaAgronomy Dept., Fac. Agric., Mans. Univ., EgyptM. I.EL-EmerySeed Technology Res. Dept., Agric. Res. Center, EgyptEman A.FayedSeed Technology Res. Dept., Agric. Res. Center, EgyptJournal Article20200420Laboratory experiments Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) was carried out during the 2010 season. RAPD-PCR products from five maize genotypes generated by random primer A03 with molecular weight of (1327, 1033, 904, 727, 595, 538, 487, 412, 360, 331, 280, 245 and 200 b.p.), primer B05 with molecular weight of (1327, 1033, 904, 727, 595, 538 and 487), primer B09 with molecular weight of (1948, 1513, 1233, 1020, 844, 578, 435, 354, 293 and 243 b.p.) primer B11 with molecular weight of (1232, 1038, 917, 726, 651, 574, 507, 455, 395, 328, 303, 263 and 218 b.p.) and primer B16 with molecular weight of (1554, 1203, 1001, 865, 657 and 518 b.p.). DNA pattern of genotypes using primers A03, B05, B09, B11 and B16 produced 13, 7, 10, 13 and 6 bands, respectively. RAPD-PCR products from the five maize genotypes generated by the random primers as visualized on 1% Agarose gel electrophoresis stained with 10 mg/ml ethidium bromide. The DNA was extracted from maize leaves tissue using Dellaporta extraction. (M)100 bp Marker, lanes from 1-15 is different five Maize genotypes.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401MIXED FERTILIZER AFFECT WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)GROWN IN CLAY AND LOAMY SOIL6396538420410.21608/jpp.2012.84204ENM. A.AbbasBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University.Samia A.HarounBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University.S. H.SarhanSoil, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Cairo.Eman H.Abd El-AzeizBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University.Journal Article20200420A pot experiment carried out at EL-Mansoura Lab. of Plant Nutrition Research, Soils, Water and Environment Res-Institute of Agricultural Research Center during two successive seasons (2009-2010 and 2010- 2011) to investigate the influence of two levels of phosphorus (P1, P2) and potassium (K1, K2) in combination with nitrogen (N) with or without activated mixed fertilizer dose(D1&D2 respectively) on leaf area, relative water content and photosynthetic pigments content of flag leaf during tillering, heading and anthesis growth stages as well as yield attributes and biochemical aspects of the yielded grains of wheat plant grown in both clay and loamy soils.
In wheat plants grown in clay soil a significant value of all studied characters were recorded in response to combination of lower phosphorus concentration, higher potassium concentration (P2K1) and nitrogen without activated dose. While, in loamy soil these characters were linearly increased in wheat plants treated with combination of higher phosphorus concentration and lower one of potassium (P1K2) and nitrogen without activated dose.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401INTEGRATING AGRICULTURAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS FOR EFFICIENT WEED CONTROL AND HIGH YIELDING IN DRILL-SEEDED RICE6556648420510.21608/jpp.2012.84205ENI. H.Abou El-DaragRice Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agric. Res. CenterJournal Article20200420A field study was conducted during 2010 and 2011 rice growing seasons at Rice Research and TrainingCenter, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt to detect the influence of integrating rice seeding-bed techniques and weed control on weeds and rice yields of drill-seeded rice.
The application of stale-bed technique including spraying glyphosate before drilling rice seeds significantly reduced weed dry weight while increased number of tillers, number of panicles /unit area and rice grain yield. All tested herbicide treatments (thiobencarb followed by penoxulam, thiobencarb alone at a high rate, penoxulame at a high rate and bispyribac alone) greatly suppressed dry weight of weeds in drill-seeded rice while significantly increased number of tillers, panicles/m<sup>2</sup> and rice grain yield/ha. Thiobencarb followed by penoxulam achieved the best weed control and the highest yield followed by penoxulam alone All weed control treatments were significantly efficient against weeds under the stale-bed technique even with the untreated check plots. Using thiobencarb followed by penoxulam achieved the highest efficiency against weeds and the highest number of tillers, panicles/m<sup>2</sup> and grain yield of drill seeded rice under both stale-bed and conventional techniques.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH POWER– I ON GROWTH YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS , SOME CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF EGYPTIAN COTTON, GIZA 86 CULTIVAR6656778420610.21608/jpp.2012.84206ENM. H.Abdel – AlCotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Giza, Egypt.A. E.El – GabieryCotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200420Two field experiments were carried out at El-Gemmiza Agricultural Research Station , El- Gharbiya Governorate Egypt, during 2010 and 2011 seasons to study the effect of power – I foliar spraying at three concentrations ( 1 cm<sup>3</sup>, 2 cm<sup>3</sup> and 3 cm<sup>3</sup> / liter water ) once ( at squaring stage) or twice ( at squaring and start of flowering or at start of flowering and full flowering stages ) comparison with untreated plants on growth, yield and yield components and some of chemical as well as technological characters of Giza 86 cotton cultivar.
<strong>The results could be summarized as follow :- </strong>
1-Power–1 treatments significantly increased leaf chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll contents in both seasons, in favour of applying power – I at the rate of 2 cm<sup>3</sup> / liter twice ( during square and start of flowering )
2- Spraying power – I at any rate significantly decreased leaf reducing and total soluble sugar, while non-reducing sugars and N, P and K contents were increased with all power I treatments as compared with untreated plants in both seasons.
3- Applying power – I at the high rate (3 cm<sup>3</sup> / liter water) twice ( during squaree and start of flowering stages ) gave taller plants with high number of fruiting branches per plant as compared with the other treatments.
4- Power – I at the rate of ( 2 cm<sup>3</sup> / liter water) twice ( during square and start of flowering stages) gave the most significant increase in number of flowers and open bolls / plant in the first season, while at 3 cm<sup>3</sup> / liter gave the highest number of flowers and open bolls / plant in the second season.
5- All treatments with power –I increased boll setting percentage and decreased boll shedding percent in both seasons.
6- Power –I at all rates during growth periods significantly increased boll weight, seed index, earliness and seed cotton yield / fed. in both seasons as compared with control.
7- Lint % and fiber properties ( pressely index and micronaire value ) were not significant in both seasons.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401RELAY INTERCROPPING WHEAT AND COTTON STUDIES: I- EFFECT OF TIMES OF TWO LAST IRRIGATIONS AND RIDGE WIDTH ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT6796898420710.21608/jpp.2012.84207ENM. S.SultanAgron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.A. T.El-KassabyAgron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.M. H.GhonemaAgron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.A. A.AgeezAgricultural Research Center (ARC).A. M. M.Abd-AllahAgricultural Research Center (ARC).Journal Article20200420Two field experiments were carried out at farm in Abo Hussein Village, Abo Kebeer district, Sharkia Governorate, during the two successive winter seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 to study the response of sole and relay intercropping wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> <em>vulgare</em> L.) to the effect of the times of two last irrigations and ridge width as well as their interaction on yield and its attributes of wheat.
<strong>The obtained results could be summarized as follows:</strong>
The highest values of all studied characters were resulted from giving fourth and fifth irrigations of sole or relay intercropping wheat at 15<sup>th</sup> April and 1<sup>st</sup> May, respectively, excluding number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup> of sole wheat in the second season, number of spikelets/spike of relay intercropping wheat in the second season and straw yield/fed of sole wheat in both seasons.
Sowing both sole and relay intercropping wheat on wide ridges (100 cm) produced the highest values of plant height and grain yield of relay intercropping wheat in both seasons, number of spikes/m<sup>2</sup> and straw yield/fed of sole wheat in both seasons, spike length, number of spikelets/spike, number of grains/spike and 1000 – grain weight of sole and relay intercropping wheat in both seasons..
The highest values of land equivalent ratio (LER) and area time equivalent ratio (ATER) were resulted from performing fourth and fifth irrigations of wheat at 15<sup>th</sup> April and 1<sup>st</sup> May and sowing cotton on 15<sup>th</sup> April in both seasons. Sowing both wheat and cotton on ridges with width of 80 cm was the most favorable treatment that produced the highest average of LER and ATER in the first season. Whereas, in the second season sowing both wheat and cotton on ridges with width of 90 cm produced the highest average of LER and ATER.
The interaction between studied factors had insignificant effect on all studied characters in both growing season, except number of grains/spike of sole wheat in the first season only.
Results of this study show that yields and its attributes of sole or relay intercropping wheat grown under the environmental conditions of Sharkia district can be maximized due to carrying out fourth and fifth irrigations at 15<sup>th</sup> April and 1<sup>st</sup> May, respectively and sowing on ridges with width of 100 cm.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401ROLE OF PHOSPHOROUS MANAGEMENT FOR ENHANCING RICE PRODUCTIVITY UNDER EGYPTIAN CONDITIONS6917038420810.21608/jpp.2012.84208ENB. A.ZayedRice Research and Training, Sakha, Filed Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza Egypt.A. M.El-KhtyarRice Research and Training, Sakha, Filed Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza Egypt.A. A.Abou KhalifaRice Research and Training, Sakha, Filed Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza Egypt.I. O.El RewainyRice Research and Training, Sakha, Filed Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza Egypt.Journal Article20200420Integrating crop management of rice is the main strategy for maximizing rice productivity in Egypt. Optimizing phosphorous application will ensure high productivity of rice and soil sustainability. Two field experiments were conducted during 2010 and 2011 seasons at the Farm of Sakha Agriculture Research Station, Kafr-El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The soil texture was clayey. EC was 1.6 and 1.5 dS/m during 2010 and 2011, respectively. The eleven suggested treatments studied the response of Giza 178 rice variety to various alternates of phosphorous management namely; control(1), basal application the rate of 54 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/ha (2), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) spray with the concentration of 2% at mid tillering stage (MT) (3), Potassium triphosphate (KTP) spray at MT 2% (4), DAP spray 2% at panicle initiation (PI) (5), KTP 2% at (PI) (6), DAP spray 2% at booting stage (BT) (7), KTP2% at (BT) (8), basal application of phosphorous+ 2%of DAP at BT(9), basal application of phosphorous + 2% of KTP at BT(10) and DAP spray at the concentration of 2% at the three growth sage (11). The results of this study can be summarized as follows.
Phosphorous application treatments either basal or foliar and their combination at beginning of boot growth stage were significantly increased P leaf content and its uptake. Also, phosphorous application significantly improved growth parameters at heading date viz; LAI, dry matter production, tillers number/hill and plant height. Flag leaf characteristics, i.e. flag leaf area, dry weight of flag leaf and chlorophyll content were significantly improved by phosphorous either basal or foliar spray as combination particularly, at booting stage. Yield components and rice grain yield were significantly improved by phosphorous application involving basal, foliar application and their combinations at booting growth stage were found to the most . Basal application of phosphorous+ 2%of DAP at BT and basal application of phosphorous+ 2%of KTP at BT were found to be the most effective treatments , whereas they were comparable regarding all above mentioned traits and recorded the maximum values of them. Furthermore, DAP spray at three growth stage at mid tillering stage+ panicle initiation + beginning of booting stage and basal application treatments were comparable regarding rice grain yield but the basal application economically surpassed it.
From economic point of view, the treatment of basal application of recommended phosphorous+ 2%of DAP at BT was the best and it could be recommended under similar conditions.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Production2090-36693420120401EFFECT OF SEEDLING AGE AND PLANT SPACING ON GROWTH CHARACTERS AND YIELD OF SOME RICE CULTIVARS7057148420910.21608/jpp.2012.84209ENA. T.El-KassabyAgronomy Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura University.M. H.GhonimaAgronomy Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura University.A. A.Abd-AllahRice Research and Training Center, Field crop Research. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Egypt.Journal Article20200420Two field Experiments were carried out in summer seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research section Agricultural Research station, El-Gemmiza, Gharbia Governorate. This investigation was conducted to study the response of two rice cultivars (Giza 178 and Egyptian Hybrid 1), Three seedling ages (15, 20 and 25 days after planting) and three transplanting spaces (20 × 20, 25 × 25 and 30 × 30 cm) as well as their interactions on growth characters, yield and its attributes. The main results could be summarized as follows: cultivars significantly differed for all traits, Egyptian Hybrid 1 variety produced the maximum number of tillers / m², number of panicle / m², panicle length (cm) , number of total grains / panicle, 1000- grain weight (g) and grain yield (t/fed). While lowest values of these traits were recorded when using Giza 178 cultivar. Seedling ages had asignificant effect on all studied charactarist. Younger seedlings (15 day old) produced significantly the highest values. While the minimum values of the previous traits were obtained when plants were transplanting at (25 day old) seedlings. Plant spacing significantly differed for all traits. Wider spacing (30× 30 cm) gave maximum number of tillers/ m², number of panicle/ m², panicle length (cm), number of total grains / panicle, 1000- grain weight (g). and grain yield (t/fed) While closer spacing (20× 20 cm) gave the lowest values. Significant effect for the the interaction between the three factors under study. The highest values of all traits were recorded when using Egyptian Hybrid 1 cultivar, youngest seedling age (15 day old) and widest spacing between hills (30× 30 cm).On the other hand, the lowest values were recorded when using Giza 178 cultivar, the oldest seedling age (25 day old) and closest spacing between hills (20×20cm)in the both seasons. In general it could be recommended that, using Egyptian Hybrid 1 with seedling age 15 days and plant spacing of 30 × 30 cm under transplanting.