2024-03-29T15:12:17Z
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11208
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
EXTENT OF GENETIC VARIABILITY CREATED THROUGH BIPARENTAL MATING IN COTTON (Gossypium barbadense L.)
M.
Abdel-Moneam
M.
Ghoneima
Y.
EL- Mansy
M.
EL-Shazly
A study was undertaken in cotton (Gossypium barbadense, L.) to assess the relative efficiency of biparental mating and F3 selfed populations in realizing greater variability with desirable recombinants using F2 of two crosses viz. (Giza 89 x PS6) x 6022 and Giza 92 x Pima S6 . These F2 populations were advanced to F3 following intermating of biparental mating(BIP) and selfing. The two populations thus developed in each of two crosses were then evaluated for earliness, yield and fiber quality characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among biparental sets of families for all studied characters. The variation between plants in biparental progenies were relatively high as compared with F3 selfed families. Biparental progenies proved its superiority over selfing by registering high mean values in desirable direction for most characters. In general, the lower limits of range were lower for earliness characters in biparental progenies, at the same time it were high for yield and fiber characters.
Considerable variation was observed in biparental progenies as compared to F3 selfed populations for most of the characters, which confirmed by high mean genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values. The variation created on account of biparental mating was found to be heritable as seen from increases of discrepancy between (PCV) and (GCV) and reflected less influence of environmental factors.
The contribution of additive variance was higher than the non additive variance for most earliness characters, lint percentage, lint index and uniformity ratio in both BIP and F3 selfed populations. The magnitude of non-additive were largely estimated in BIP for most yield characters, fiber fineness and strength in both crosses as compared with F3 selfed. Broad sense heritability improved considerably for most characters in BIP because of the increase of genetic variance to the total phenotypic variance due to cryptic genetic changes that have been brought about one cycle of intermating.
Cotton
Biparental mating
PCV
GCV
Genetic variance
2013
09
01
1281
1296
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74121_45b5dfb1b077a350dbf37e24c7b8cca6.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC COMPONENTS, HERTABILITY AND CLUSTER ANALYSIS FOR SOME AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS IN RICE.
A.
Abdlekhalik
W.
El Kallawy
A.
Abd El-Lattef
G.
Anis
Nine parents of rice were crossed to obtain 36 F1 hybrids, through half diallel cross. These parents included one exotic variety, four commercial varieties and four promising lines. Hayman's 1954 method was employed for this purpose. The nine parents and their F1s were grown in randomized complete block design with three replications at the Rice Research and Training Center Farm, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. Results revealed highly significant mean squares for all characters, suggesting the presence of genetic differences among genotypes for all studied traits. Significant or highly significant and positive of additive component (D) for all characters except for panicle weight and number of panicles plant-1 were found. The dominance components H1 and H2 were highly significant for all characters studied. The environmental component (E) was insignificant for all characters except spikelet fertility% and grain yield plant-1. Heritability estimates in broad sense were high for all studied characters. The nine parents were distinctly classified into five clusters (below 25 Euclidean distance) according to the similarity.
2013
09
01
1297
1307
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74130_a5ae4b4a99278d8f26b595e9e8ea099b.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
ESTIMATES OF COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS AND SOME ROOT CHARACTERS UNDER WATER STRESS CONDETIONS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.).
A.
Abd El-Lattef
The present investigation was carried out at the Farm of El-Gemiza Agricultural Research Station, during 2011 and 2012 summer seasons. Combining ability analysis was estimated in rice through a 6 x 6 diallel set analysis involving 6 diverse parents for root, grain yield and its related characters. Mean square values of parents and crosses were found to be highly significant for all characters except parents for panicle length and root fresh weight of parents were significant. Parents Vs crosses mean squares were highly significant for all yield and its related and root characters. Both general and specific combining ability variance were found to be highly significant for all characters, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic variance in determining the performance of these twelve characters. GCA/SCA ratios were found to be greater than unity for all characters studied except for panicle length, number of filled grains/panicle and 100-grain weight as well as root/shoot% indicating that the additive and additive x additive types of gene action were great importance in the inheritance of all the studied characters except for these four mentioned traits which has been controlled by non-additive genetic variance. The genotypes Sakha 104, Sakha106, Giza178 and Cica 4 were good general combiners for most of all studied characters. Cross combinations involving for such parents were superior for most of all studied characters. The promising combinations for grain yield along with at least two of yield component characters were Sakha 104 X BG-357-4, Sakha 104 X Hixe 5, Sakha 106 X Hixe 5 and Giza178 X BG-357-4. Eight crosses Sakha106 X Hixe 5, Sakha104 X Giza178, Sakha106 X BG-357-4, Sakha104 X Cica 4, Giza178 X BG-357-4, Sakha104 X BG-357-4, Sakha106 X Giza178 and BG-357-4 X Hixe 5 showed highly significant and positive SCA for root length. While three crosses Sakha 104 X Sakha106, Sakha 104 X Hixe 5 and BG-53-2 X Hixe 5 showed highly significant or significant and positive for root volume. Also 7 crosses, Sakha106 X Hixe 5, Sakha104 X Giza178, Sakha106 X Cica4, Giza178 X Hixe 5, Giza178 X BG-357-4, Sakha106 X Giza178 and BG-357-4 showed highly significant and positive for root fresh weight. The best positive SCA for root/shoot % was recorded for Cica4 X Hixe 5, BG-357-4 X Hixe 5, Sakha104 X Giza178, Sakha104 X BG-357-4 and Sakha104 X Hixe 5. A greater magnitude of heterosis ranged between 3.83 and 13.08% was observed in fife crosses for grain yield /plant. The availability of sufficient hybrid vigor in several crosses in respect of grain yield suggests that a hybrid breeding program could profitably be undertaken in rice under water stress conditions. Highest crop water use efficiency 0.55 (kg / m3) was recorded from one m3 water irrigation in the parent of Sakha 106 and crosses Sakha104 X Sakha106, ( 0.56 (kg/m3), Sakha104 X Hixe 5 ( 0.55 kg/m3) and Sakha104 X Cica4 (0.55 kg/m3).
From the foregoing results, the parents Sakha106, Sakha104, Giza178, and Cica4, crosses Sakha 104 X Sakha106, Sakha 104 X Giza178, Sakha104 X Hixe 5 and Sakha 104 X Cica4 could be recommended for growing under drought conditions to obtain the highest rice grain yield and the highest value of saving water at the same time.
2013
09
01
1309
1327
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74132_56d7493a5721d0159ce96de5544fded0.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
OVERCOMING THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF NaCl AND CaCl2 SALINITY ON SWEET PEPPER PLANT GROWTH BY USING CERTAIN VITAMINS, BIO-REGULATOR AND YEAST EXTRACT .
A.
Arafa
M.
Khafagy
A.
Abo-El Kheer
R.
Fouda
M.
El-Banna
An experiment was conducted to study the influence of soaking the seeds of sweet pepper plant in selected chemicals used i.e. bio-regulator (salicylic acid), vitamins (ascorbic acid or α-tocopherol) or yeast extract on sweet pepper plant growth under non-saline or saline conditions.
Low salinity level (2000 mg/L) in most cases, increased significantly sweet pepper growth parameters (plant height, root length, shoot and root fresh as well as dry weights, number of leaves as well as leaf area) after 75 and 90 days from sowing. In the contrast, increasing salinity levels decreased growth parameters. Whereas, NaCl+CaCl2 (1:1) were more effective followed by CaCl2 and NaCl. Moreover, pre-soaking seeds, in vitamins at 50 or 100 mg/L or salicylic acid at 75 or 150 mg/L or yeast extract at 1000 or 2000 mg/L gave a positive effect on growth parameters. Furthermore, salicylic acid at 75 mg/L, ascorbic acid at 50 mg/L or α-tocopherol at 100 mg/L were more effective in this respect.
2013
09
01
1329
1348
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74141_3b2309d01cafadcb9db1995c267982a6.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF CERTAIN VITAMINS, BIOREGULATOR AND YEAST EXTRACT ON SWEET PEPPER STEM AND LEAF ANATOMY UNDER TWO TYPES OF SALINITY.
A.
Arafa
M.
Khafagy
A.
Abo-El Kheer
R.
Fouda
M.
El-Banna
All salinity types at 2000 mg/L increased stem diameter due to an increase in pith diameter, cortex thickness, width of epidermis cell and vascular bundles dimensions (length as well as metaxylem vessel diameter). In addition, CaCl2 and NaCl+CaCl2 1:1 (w/w) were the most effective in this respect. In addition, high salinity level (4000 mg/L) decreased most of the studied anatomical parameters. While, the pith diameter and number of vascular bundles were decreased only under NaCl at 4000 mg/L. On the other hand, pre-soaking seeds in selected chemicals used, in most cases, showed a positive effect on the stem structure and AsA at 50 mg/L or SA at 75 mg/L was the most effective in this respect.
Low level of all salinity types (2000 mg/L) increased midrib region thickness due to increasing the length of main vascular bundle. While, the highest salinity level (4000 mg/L) led to a decrease in this respect due to the decrease in length of main vascular bundle. In addition, NaCl was more effective in this respect followed by NaCl+CaCl2 (1:1). On the other hand, the leaf blade (lamina) thickness was also decreased in plants grown under NaCl at 4000 mg/L followed by NaCl+CaCl2 (1:1) due to a decrease in the thickness of palisade and spongy tissues as well as upper and lower epidermis width. Moreover, the application of chemicals used led to an increase in the thickness of midrib region as compared with untreated plants. In addition, SA (75 mg/L), AsA (50 mg/L) and α-tocopherol (100 mg/L) were more effective. In most cases, AsA at 50 mg/L or SA at 75 mg/L alleviated the harmful effect of salinity level (4000 mg/L) on midrib region and lamina thickness as well as the main vascular bundle dimensions when compared with untreated plants. Furthermore, AsA at 50 mg/L was more effective than the remaining treatments.
2013
09
01
1349
1367
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74147_025a96eb6927ee34e503ee6a9e07fc6c.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
EFFECT OF SPRAYING SOME ORGANIC, AMINO ACIDS AND POTASSIUM CITRATE ON ALLEVIATION OF DROUGHT STRESS IN COTTON PLANT
Sanaa
Gebaly
Fatma
Ahmed
Alia
Namich
Two field experiments were carried out to investigate effects of spraying organic acids and amino acids and combinations between organic acid and potassium citrate or amino acid and potassium citrate under drought stress. The objectives of these studies were aimed to investigate the effect of organic and amino acids application and potassium citrate on plant growth characters, yield and yield components, leaf chemical constituents, enzyme activity as well as seed quality and fiber properties of Giza 86 cotton cultivar. The experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research station, during 2009 and 2010 seasons.
Plant irrigation was carried out regularly at plant needs using tap water up to the start of flowering stage then, some of plants subjected to drought conditions by preventing water supply till the appearance of sign of wilting and spraying with organic acids or amino acids and potassium citrate, leaving the control plants without treatments.
Drought conditions significantly decreased plant height, number of fruiting branches, chloroplast pigments i.e., chlorophyll a, b, a + b, carotein and catalase activity in cotton leaves, while the contrary was obtained in proline content in leaf and peroxidase activity in comparison with the control. Also, reduction in yield and yield components was observed as results of water stress.
The results clearly showed that spraying cotton plants with organic acid, amino acid and combinations between them and potassium citrate under drought conditions tended to increase growth parameters i.e., plant height, number of fruiting branches, number of open bolls per plant, seed index, boll weight, lint percentage, seed cotton yield per feddan and some chemical content in cotton leaves i.e., chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotein, proline and antioxidant enzyme activities.On the other hand, no significant effects with application of organic and amino acids on fiber properties.
Cotton
organic acid
amino acid
potassium citrate
growth characters
yield components
leaf chemical composition and fiber properties
2013
09
01
1369
1381
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74149_afc2211f4c559572408907c0fa6b77bb.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
EFFECT OF SOME SOIL AMENDMENTS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF TOMATO PLANTS (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) CULTIVATED UNDER SALINITY CONDITIONS
A.
Kamal
M.
El-Shazly
Two field experiments were conducted at Kalabsho region, El-Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during 2010 and 2011 seasons to evaluate the effect of some soil amendments, i.e., agricultural gypsum, rice straw mulching and cyanobacteria inoculation as well as their combinations on growth, chemical composition, yield and fruit quality of tomato plants (Fiona F1 hybrid) cultivated under salinity conditions in northern of the Nile Delta.
The obtained results confirm that the combined addition of agricultural gypsum (applied according to the gypsum requirements at 4.34 ton fed-1) + rice straw mulching (12 ton fed-1) + inoculation of tomato seedlings before transplanting with cyanobacteria (2 liter fed-1) had the highest significant vegetative growth characteristics (number of branches, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate) and chemical composition (N, P, K, Ca and K+/Na+ ratio as well as total chlorophyll contents) in tomato plant foliage. This treatment also had the significant increases in fruit setting percentage and marketable yield as well as the highest significant values of fruit quality characteristics (vitamin C, TSS and lycopene content) with the lowest nitrite accumulation comparing with the untreated plants (control), which had the minimum quality aspects of tomato fruits in both seasons. Such treatment is found to be economically and more agronomically feasible. It showed the highest net return and returned the highest benefit-cost ratio (1.87) in comparison with the other treatments.
In conclusion, this investigation demonstrates that the combined application of agricultural gypsum (4.34 ton fed-1) + rice straw mulching (12 ton fed-1) + inoculation of tomato seedlings before transplanting with cyanobacteria could be recommended to improve the vegetative growth characteristics, chemical composition, marketable yield and fruit quality. It proved to be the economical for tomato production under salinity conditions to ensure the optimum and the satisfactory utilization of the new reclaimed land.
2013
09
01
1383
1397
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74162_8d7a047c9bc774f671b11ff35d9d2e31.pdf
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-3669
2013
4
9
MAXIMIZING THE PRODUCTIVITY AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF TOMATO PLANTS (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) CULTIVATED IN THE NEW RECLAIMED LANDS USING DIFFERENT IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITIES AND SOME WATER SAVING SUBSTANCES
A.
Kamal
M.
El-Shazly
Egypt is one of the countries facing great challenges due to its limited water resources, so it has become necessary to study the best ways to rationalize irrigation water use and maximizing the efficient use of water under those circumstances. Two field experiments were conducted at a private farm at Al-Nubaria region, Behira Governorate, Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2011 and 2012, to investigate the effect of three irrigation water quantities (2400, 1800 and 1200 m3 fed-1) and some water saving substances, i.e., control, zeolite, super absorbent polymer and K-humate as well as their interactions on growth, chemical composition, yield, water use efficiency and fruit quality of tomato plants (Jacal F1 hybrid) cultivated under drip irrigation system in new reclaimed lands during early summer season.
The obtained results indicate that:
- Increasing water quantity applied to tomato plants up to the highest used level (2400 m3 fed-1) significantly increased vegetative growth characters, i.e., stem diameter, foliage fresh weight, leaf area and leaf relative water content as well as total N, P and K uptake by tomato plants. On the other hand, total chlorophyll contents enhanced significantly with decreasing irrigation water supply. Tomato yield characters, i.e., number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and total yield increased with increasing irrigation water quantity up to 2400 m3 fed-1. The medium irrigation water level (1800 m3 fed-1) recorded the highest values of water use efficiency. Under the low level of irrigation water (1200 m3 fed-1) tomato fruit quality characters, i.e., flesh firmness, lycopene, TSS and total soluble sugars recorded the highest significant values.
- Soil application of K-humate led to the significant increases in all vegetative growth traits, total NPK uptake, total chlorophyll, yield characters and water use efficiency as well as tomato fruit quality characters compared to soil application of zeolite, super absorbent polymer and control.
- Tomato vegetative growth characters were significantly affected by the combination of 2400 m3 fed-1 and K-humate soil application. Applying 2400 or 1800 m3 fed-1 of irrigation water combined with soil application of K-humate resulted in the highest significant NPK uptake as well as all studied tomato yield characters. Soil application of K-humate combined with the low irrigation level (1200 m3 fed-1) showed the highest significant chlorophyll contents in tomato leaves. Water use efficiency showed the highest value using the medium level of irrigation water (1800 m3 fed-1) combined with the soil application of K-humate as compared to the other treatments. Soil application of K-humate combined with the medium irrigation water level (1800 m3 fed-1) or the low level (1200 m3 fed-1) recorded the highest values of tomato fruit quality characters. Using the medium irrigation level (1800 m3 fed-1) combined with the soil application of K-humate obtained the highest net return and returned the highest benefit-cost ratio (3.48) in comparison with other treatments.
It could be concluded that irrigation tomato plants with 1800 m3 fed-1 combined with soil application of K-humate (2 kg fed-1 in every addition, 4 times during the season) incorporated with drip irrigation system could be recommended to improve yield and quality of tomato plants as well as maximizing the water use efficiency by tomato plants, saving about 25% of the total used irrigation water quantity commonly used in tomato production. Such treatment is found to be economically and more agronomically feasible and can be recommended under drip irrigation system in sandy soil in new reclaimed lands, giving the highest net return and benefit-cost ratio to the farmers.
2013
09
01
1399
1416
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74164_a4f3d2a8edd1789d678eb86bd6dcd818.pdf