Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
تقييم الاختلافات المورفولوجية والفسيولوجية لبعض أصناف القمح السورية والمصرية في المراحل الأولى للنمو( حقلياً ومخبرياً): ثانيا- الأصناف المصرية.
473
492
EN
محمود
یوسف
صبوح
قسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربية
عادل
عبد الحلیم
الجنايني
قسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربية
المتولي
عبد الله
المتولي
قسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربية
نبيل
علی
خليل
قسم المحاصيل ، کلية الزراعة ، جامعة القاهرة – جمهورية مصر العربية
10.21608/jpp.2010.86368
نفذ هذا البحث في مخابر و حقول کلية الزراعة بجامعة القاهرة خلال موسم 2009-2010، لتقييم استجابة عشرين طرازا سوريا ومصريا معتمدة من القمح القاسي (الصلب) والطري (اللين) للنمو تحت الظروف الحقلية في مصر, ولتقييم استجابة الطرز المصرية لظروف الإجهاد الحلولي (الإسموزى) ، والحرارة المرتفعة مخبريا ( معمليا ) ، باستعمال تقانتي الاستجابة للتحريض(التحفيز) الحلولي (OIRT)، والحراري (HIRT) عند مرحلة البادرة الفتية (عمر 4 أيام)، بهدف عزل الطرز المتحملة عن نظيراتها الحساسة، إضافةً إلى دراسة أهمية التحريض الحلولي والحراري في تحسين مقدرة البادرات على تحمل المستويات الحلولية والحرارية المميتة على التوالى. تم اختيار هذه االطرز بناء على صفاتها المورفولوجية والإنتاجية في الحقل، حيث تمت زراعة العشرين طرازاً من القمح الطري والقاسي في حقول کلية الزراعة بجامعة القاهرة في موسم 2009 - 2010 . سجلت القراءات لعددٍ من الصفات المورفولوجية والإنتاجية : وزن النبات الأخضر ,وزن الجذور, وزن المجموع الخضري, وزن النبات الجاف ، ارتفاع النبات، طول حامل السنبلة ، طول السنبلة، مساحة ورقة العلم ، عدد الأفرع القاعدية/ النبات, عدد السنابل/ النبات, تاريخ طرد 50% من السنابل، محتوى الماء النسبي. وتم تقييم الطرز المصرية العشرة مخبرياً فى مرحلة البادرة خلال موسم 2009-2010. وقد لوحظ وجود تباين وراثي لاستجابة الطرز المدروسة للإجهاد الحلولي والحرارة المرتفعة. تراوح الترکيز الحلولي المميت الأفضل بين - 1.8 للأقماح الصلبة و – 2.0 Mpa للأقماح الطرية، وتراوح الترکيز الحلولي المحرض الأفضل بين – 0.3 و -0. 5 Mpa لنفس نوعي القمح . بالنسبة للإجهاد الحلولي ، ثبت أن الطراز سدس 12 يعتبر عالي التحمل ، جميزة 7 و سخا 94حساسة ، وباقي الطرز متوسطة التحمل . أما بالنسبة للإجهاد الحراري فقد اتضح أن درجة الحرارة 45مْ تحتاج الى مدة تعريض أکبر لکي يظهر أثرها الضار على أي من الجذر أو البادرة ، سواء في الأقماح الصلبة أم الطرية ، وتحتاج درجة الحرارة 50مْ الى 3 ساعات لإحداث الأثر المطلوب ، أما التعريض عند درجة 55مْ فتتراوح المدة بين 2 - 3 ساعات في الأقماح الصلبة والطرية على التوالي . بينت النتائج أيضا أن المعاملة المحرضة الأفضل مع الإجهاد الحراري تتمثل في التحريض التدريجي مع الأقماح الطرية وفي التعريض للدرجة 35مْ/ 4 ساعات في الأقماح الصلبة . بالنسبة للإجهاد الحراري ، تعتبر الطرز سدس 12 و جيزة 168 طرزا متحملة ، أما بني سويف 5 و سدس 1 فتعتبر طرزا متوسطة ، وتعتبر باقي الطرز حساسة لهذا الإجهاد ، وترکز هذه النتائج على الطراز سدس 12 کطراز متميز يتحمل الإجهادين معا . أما بالنسبة لجدوى المعاملات التصالبية للإجهادين ، فقد حققت المعاملة حراري محرض + حراري مميت النتائج الأفضل مع الأقماح الصلبة ، سواء على الجذر أم البادرة . وبالنسبة للأقماح الطرية ، فقد تحققت أفضل النتائج على الجذر مع المعاملة حراري محرض + حلولي مميت ، وارتبطت بادرة الأقماح الطرية بالمعاملة حلولي محرض + حراري مميت .
بينت نتائج الدراسة الحقلية أن الفروق بين الأصناف کانت معنوية فقط مع صفات ارتفاع النبات ، طول حامل السنبلة ، طول السنبلة ، عدد الأفرع القاعدية / النبات ، وعدد السنابل / النبات . وقد بينت النتائج أن الطراز بني سويف 4 قد حقق أکبر القيم على طول النبات ( 68.5 سم ) ، عدد الأفرع القاعدية / النبات ( 6.67 ) وعدد السنابل / النبات ( 3.67 ) . ومن بين الأقماح السورية يلاحظ تفوق الطراز حوراني في طول النبات ( 66.67 سم ) وطول حامل السنبلة ( 36.0 سم ) وعدد الأفرع القاعدية / النبات (6.67) وعدد السنابل / النبات ( 6.0 ) . وتشير النتائج الى احتمال وجود علاقة طردية بين طول النبات وطول حامل السنبلة على بعض الأصناف ، الا ان العلاقة العکسية کانت موجودة أيضا على البعض الآخر . وقد سجلت أدنى نسبة انخفاض في طول الجذر ( 2.6% ) والبادرة ( 1.9% ) على الطراز سدس 12 والذي تفوق في طول السنبلة . ويبدو أن التأثيرات الموجبة لبعض مدخلات المحصول مثل نسب الإنخفاض الأدنى في طول الجذر نتيجة للإجهاد ، وکذلک طول النبات ومساحة ورقة العلم وطول حامل السنبلة قد انتقلت بتأثيرهاالى الأفرع القاعدية في الطراز بني سويف 4 .
التقييم الحقلى,الإجهاد الحلولي,الاجهاد الحراري,غربلة الطرز الوراثية المصرية,التحريض,القمح
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86368.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86368_f17bba6c644dec699369e62cebc58267.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
تقويم أداء عدة أنواع رعوية من الفصيلة السرمقية(الرمرامية) تحت ظروف الإجهاد الملحي
493
510
EN
نشأت
محمود
صبوح
کلية الزراعة – جامعة دمشق.
ناصر
داوود
قسم الحراج والبيئة- کلية الزراعة, جامعة دمشق- سورية.
أويديس
أرسلان
إدارة الموارد الطبيعية, الهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية, وزارة الزراعة, سورية.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86370
نفذت الدراسة الحالية في محطة بحوث النشابية التابعة للهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية في سوريا, خلال موسم نمو 2007- 2008، بهدف تقويم استجابة خمسة انواع رعوية من العائلة السرمقية <strong>(الرمرامية)</strong><em>Chenopodiaceae</em> (4 أنواع تابعة للجنس <em>Atriplex</em>, ونوع للجنس <em>Salsola</em>)، لمستويات مختلفة (1, 5, 9, 13 dS.m<sup>-1</sup> من مخلوط الملحين NaClو CaSO<sub>4</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O) من الإجهاد الملحي. لوحظ وجود تباين وراثي في أداء الأنواع الرعوية المختلفة ضمن ظروف الإجهاد الملحي. صممت التجربة بطريقة القطع المنشقة (Split- Plot Design) في اربعة مکررات, حيث تمثّلت القطع الرئيسية الترکيزات بالمستويات الملحية لنوع الملح بالإضافة إلى الشاهد, وتمثّلت القطع الثانوية بالأنواع الرعوية الخمسة المدروسة, طُبق الإجهاد الملحي بعد وصول معظم نباتات الأنواع المدروسة إلى طور الإنبات التام, وحتى اکتمال مرحلة بدء تشکل النورات الزهرية.
ولقد بينت النتائج ان المستويات المرتفعة من الأملاح في وسط النمو ( 9, 13 ds.m<sup>-1</sup>) سببت بشکلٍ عام تراجعاً معنوياً في الوزن الغض للنبات, الوزن الجاف للنبات, محتوى الأوراق من شوارد البوتاسيوم, والزيادة في المساحة الورقية في نباتات جميع الأنواع, إلا أن المستوى الملحي المنخفض ( 5 ds.m<sup>-1</sup>) کان له دوراً محرضاًً, حيث تفوقت عند هذا المستوى الصفات السابقة على نظائرها کل من الشاهد وباقي المعاملات بشکلٍ معنوي في معظم الأحيان, کما أنّ ارتفاع محتوى الأوراق من شوارد الصوديوم, ونسبة الذائبات المتسربة من الخلايا النباتية مع ارتفاع ترکيز الأملاح في وسط النمو کان غير معنوي, ومن ناحيةٍ أخرى لوحظ ارتفاعاً معنوياً في محتوى الخلايا النباتية من الماء النسبي والمطلق بازدياد ترکيز الأملاح في وسط النمو, مما يدل على کفاءة معظم الأنواع المدروسة في المحافظة على جهد امتلاء أعلى ضمن خلاياها النباتية, مما ساعد هذه الأنواع في تحمل الإجهاد الملحي وتجنب آثاره الضارة.
تباينت الأنواع المدروسة في استجابتها للملوحة بأدائها على معظم الصفات المدروسة, حيث استطاعت نباتات أنواع الرغل الملحي<em>Atriplex halimus</em> <strong>2</strong>, والرغل السوري <em> Atriplex partly</em>, وبدرجة أقل الرغل الملحي<strong>1 </strong><em>Atriplexleucoclada</em> تحقيق زيادة أعلى في المساحة الورقية, والوزن الطري والجاف, وکذلک کان محتواها أکبر من الماء النسبي والمطلق ضمن الأوراق, ونسبة أقل من الذائبات المتسربة عبر الخلايا, بالمقارنة مع النوعين الباقيين الرغل الأمريکي <em>Atriplexcanecen</em>, والروثة <em>Salsolavermiculata</em> الذين أظهرا قدرةً أقل في تحمل الإجهاد الملحي.
يشير تباين الأنواع المدروسة في استجابتها للملوحة إلى وجود تباين وراثي يمکن استثماره في انتخاب الأنواع المتحملة, واستبعاد الحساسة منها للملوحة, وأبعد من ذلک انتخاب طرز وراثية ضمن الأنواع التي تحقق کفاءة عالية في تحمل الإجهاد الملحي مع المحافظة على طاقتها الإنتاجية والحيوية, کما في طرز الرغل الملحي المدروسة.
الإجهاد الملحي,جهد الامتلاء,محتوى الماء النسبي,الطرز الوراثية
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86370.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86370_933205faedbcd47c975eabf7966e98ca.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
IDENTIFICATION OF LOW TEMPERATURE REQUIREMENTS FOR COOL GERMINATION TESTING FOR DIFFERENT EGYPTIAN COTTON Gossypium barbadense L. VARIETIES
511
517
EN
M.
I.
El Hawary
National Gene Bank, NGB, ARC
A.
M.
El Galfy
Field Crops Research Institute, FCRI, ARC, Giza Egypt.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86371
The cool germination test as a stress test is usually conducted to evaluate and rank the different cotton seed lots which are offered for sale to assess their planting value or to determine their storage potential for carry over. The cool germination test at 18ºC for 7 days can be used with confidence for <em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L. but the applicability of this test to <em>G. barbadense</em> L. is not known. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of using different temperatures i.e. 16, 18 and 20ºC for 7 days on different seed samples from 2 seed classes i.e. breeder seed and foundation (basic) seed classes from 8 Egyptian cotton <em>G. Barbadence</em> L. varieties representing all the cultivated cotton varieties in Egypt during 2002 planting season. In addition to determining the temperature which could be applied in the cool germination testing for the Egyptian cotton variety seeds, it is proposed that the emerged seedlings could be classified to 3 categories. The first category seedlings which already have achieved 4 cm or more as a combined root – hypocotyl length, measurement is made from the tip of the radicle (primary root) to the point of attachment to the cotyledons, these are considered as high vigor or strong seedlings. The second category, or the medium vigor seedlings have 2-<4 cm combined length. The last category or the low vigor seedlings have less than 2 cm as combined length.
The findings of this study propose that using 20ºC for 7 days for <em>G. barbadense</em> L. can be applied with confidence in cool germination test as the percentage of high vigor seedlings or the total of the 3 categories were close or similar to the percentage germination.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86371.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86371_92942074fdfe9eae11c1fd0ce738b509.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
EFFECT OF WATER STRESS AND FERTILIZATION WITH INORGANIC NITROGEN AND ORGANIC CHICKEN MANURE ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH CHARACHTERS OF POTATO
519
533
EN
A.
A.
Kandil
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
A.
N.
Attia
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
M.
A.
Badawi
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
A.
E.
Sharief
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
sharief2005@yahoo.com
W.
A.
Abido
0000-0003-3028-2013
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
madawy78@mans.edu.eg
10.21608/jpp.2010.86374
Two field experiments were performed at the Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, MansouraUniversity during the two successive summer seasons of 2007 and 2008. This investigation was aimed to study the effect of water tension treatments, mineral of nitrogen and organic fertilizers combinations and their interactions on vegetative growth characters of potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum </em>L.) cv. Spunta. Each irrigation treatments was conducted in a separate experiment. Every separate experiment laid-out in randomized complete block design with four replicates.
<strong>The main results of this investigation could be summarized as follows:</strong>
1-The results indicated that there was a significant effect on plant height, leaf area/plant, number of stems/plant, fresh and dry weights of plant foliage as well as total chlorophyll content as a result of irrigation tension in both seasons, except plant height in the first season only. However, irrigation tension did not affect number of leaves/plant in both seasons. Irrigation at 26cb (5360.17 m<sup>3</sup> water/ha) <em>i.e.</em> 54.1% moisture from field capacity produced the highest averages of plant height, number of leaves and stems/plant, leaf area/plant, fresh and dry weights of plant foliage in both seasons. While, irrigation at 22cb (6209.32 m<sup>3</sup> water/ha) <em>i.e.</em> 59.3% from field capacity recorded the highest averages of total chlorophyll content in both seasons.
2- Fertilization treatments had a significant effect on all studied characters during both seasons. Application of 60% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (238 kg N/ha) + 40% organic chicken manure (158 kg N/ha) markedly recorded the highest values of these characters, except chlorophyll content which resulted from application of 100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer (396 kg N/ha) as compared with other fertilization treatments.
3- The interaction between studied factors had a significant effect on plant height, leaf area/plant and number of stems/plant in both seasons as well as fresh weight of plant foliage in the second season. Irrigation at 26cb (5360.17 m<sup>3</sup> water/ha)<em> i.e.</em> 54.1% moisture from field capacity in addition fertilization with 60% inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (238 kg N/ha) and 40% organic chicken manure (158 kg N/ha) markedly recorded the highest averages of these characters as compared with other fertilization treatments.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86374.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86374_d37a943e9f336b9903e291171d0ee613.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
التقييم الفسيولوجي للنمو والمحصول ومکوناته لنبات القمح المنزرع فى تربة ملحية فى ليبيا
535
546
EN
صالح
عبد الرازق
خالد
قسم علم النبات – کلية العلوم – جامعة عمر المختار
10.21608/jpp.2010.86375
أقيمت تجربة حقلية خلال موسم النمو 2003/2004 و 2004/2005 م تحت ظروف منطقة المخيلي ( ترب ملحية ) بشعبية القبة. يهدف التقييم الفسيولوجي للنمو والمحصول ومکوناته لنبات القمح صنف مرجاوي وأثر المخصبات الحيوية والمخصبات العضوية والمعدنية في تحسين النمو وتقليل الضرر الناجم عن آثار الملوحة على النبات . حيث أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق معنوية بين المعاملات عند مستوى معنوية 1 % في صفات النمو ( طول النبات ، مساحة ورقة العلم ، عدد الأشطاء والسنابل / م<sup>2</sup> ) والمحصول ومکوناته (عدد السنيبلات والحبوب / سنبلة ، وزن الحبوب / سنبلة ، وزن ألف حبة ، محصول الحبوب والقش / طن بالهکتار ، نسبة البروتين ) . حيث أعطت معاملة المخصب الحيوي هالکس بمعدل 800 جرام / هکتار أعلى زيادة معنوية . حيث زاد طول النبات ، عدد الحبوب / سنبلة ، وزن ألف حبة ، محصول الحبوب ، نسبة البروتين عند معاملتها بالمخصب المعدني اليوريا بمعدل 120 کجم / هکتار. بينما أعطت معاملة المخصب العضوي بمعدل 80 متر<sup>3</sup> / هکتار زيادة معنوية على بقية المعاملات الأخرى في صفات طول النبات ، مساحة ورقة العلم ، عدد الأشطاء والسنابل / م<sup>2</sup> ، عدد السنيبلات والحبوب / سنبلة ، وزن الحبوب / سنبلة ، وزن ألف حبة ، محصول الحبوب والقش / طن بالهکتار ، نسبة البروتين ، دليل الحصاد . طبقاَ لما توصل إليه من نتائج فإن المخصبات الحيوية أعطت مؤشرات جيدة في تحسين نمو النبات.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86375.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86375_aa05f6fd3ebc4ee4c06918859bd9afd8.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
ESTIMATION COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS RELATED TRAITS IN RICE UNDER WATER STRESS CONDITION
547
564
EN
M.
S.
Sultan
Agric. Department, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Mansoura, Egypt.
M.
A.
Abdel-Moneam
Agric. Department, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Mansoura, Egypt.
maaelmoneam@mans.edu.eg
A.
B.
El-Abd
Rice Res. Section, Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt.
S.
A.
El-Naem
Rice Res. Section, Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86377
Combining ability analysis was carried out in rice through A 8 x 8 diallel set analysis excluding reciprocals involving 8 diverse parents for grain yield and some yield related traits at the Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt during 2007 and 2008 summer seasons. The ratio of variances due to general and specific combining abilities (ó<sup>2</sup> GCA / ó<sup>2</sup> SCA) was more than unity, indicating the preponderance of additive genes in controlling for 100-grain weight (g). On the contrary, predominance of non-additive gene action chiefly controlled the expression of days to 50% heading, plant height, panicle length, number of panicles/plant, sterility (%) and grain yield/plant. Among the parents, IET 1444, Wab 450 and Balado were found to be significantly superior general combiners for grain yield/plant. The genotypes IET 1444 and Wab 878 were good general combiners for plant height, panicle length and sterility (%). Moreover, Balado, Wab 450 and Wab 878 were the best general combiners for 100-grain weight. On the other hand, Sakha 102, Balado and Gaori rice varieties were good combiners for earliness. In addition, a total of 14 crosses exhibited positive and highly significant SCA for grain yield /plant. The promising combinations for grain yield and most of the studied traits were Sakha 102 X Sakha 104, Wab 450 X IET 1444, Wab 450 X GZ 1368 and IET 1444 X Wab 878. It is observed that majority of the crosses with high SCA for grain yield were resulted from low / low or high / high or high / low combining parents. Highly significant negative estimates of SCA for number of days to 50% heading (earliness) were recorded for Wab 450 X Wab 878, Sakha 102 X Sakha 104 and Wab 450 X GZ 1368 cross combinations. Moreover, 16 cross combinations were found to be the best specific combinations for plant height. The cross combinations, Sakha 102 X IET 1444, Sakha 104 X IET 1444, Sakha 104 X Wab 878 and Wab 450 X GZ 1368 were the best specific combinations for panicle length and number of panicles /plant. Ten cross combinations exhibited highly significant and negative SCA effects for sterility %, while, nineteen crosses were the best cross combinations for 100-grain weight. The results also revealed that, a greater magnitude of heterosis when it measured as a deviation from mid-parent and better parent was observed in Wab 450 X Wab 878, Wab 878 X Gaori, Sakha 104 X Wab 878, IET 1444 X Wab 878, Wab 450 X Gaori and Sakha 102 X GZ 1368 rice crosses for grain yield /plant. Grain yield was positively and strongly correlated with each of number of panicles/plant (0.563), 100 grain weight (0.659) and panicle length (0.330). However, a highly significant and positive estimate of phenotypic correlation coefficient (0.574) was recorded between plant height and panicle length. On the other hand, significant negative estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients were recorded between number of panicles/plant and each of panicle length (-0.445) and 100-grain weight <br /> (-0.295), and between the last ones and panicle length (-0.312).
rice,Water stress,Grain yield,Combining ability,heterosis and phenotypic correlation coefficients
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86377.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86377_b77fdd3ef9bd031cf655a170f8b6e473.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
EFFECT OF SOME SOIL AMENDMENTS AND WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE
565
578
EN
M.
A.
Badawi
Agron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
S.
A.
El-Moursy
Agron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
S.
E.
Seadh
Agron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
seseadh04@mans.edu.eg
Y.
M. A.
Souror
Agron. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86379
Two field experiments were carried out at a private Farm in El-Abhar village, El-Hamoul Count, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2007 and 2008 seasons. The main objectives were to study the effect of soil amendments <em>i.e. </em>control, gypsum at the rate of 2.5 and 5.0 t/fed, farmyard manure (FYM) at the rate of 5 and 10 t/fed and sulphur at the rate of 75 and 150 kg/fed) and weed control treatments (hand weeding and chemical control with Saturn, Basagran, Nominee and Sirius) on weed characters, growth, yield components as well as grain and straw yields of Giza 178 rice cultivar. The experiments were carried out in strip plot design with four replications in both seasons.
<strong>The main results could be summarized as follows:</strong>
1. Application of FYM at the rate of 10 t/fed produced the lowest values of number, fresh and dry weights of barnyard grass and the highest values of growth, yields and its components of rice in the two growing seasons. However, the lowest values of number, fresh and dry weights of flatsedge were resulted from application of gypsum at 5.0 t/fed in the first seasons and application of sulphur at 150 kg/fed in the second season. Whereas, application of gypsum at 2.5 t/fed lead to obtain the lowest values of number, fresh and dry weights of jungle rice in both growing seasons.
2. Using bispyribac sodium (Nominee 2 % SL) at the rate of 800 cm<sup>3</sup>/fed after 23 days from sowing (DFS) minimized number, fresh and dry weights of barnyard grass and jungle rice and resulted the maximum values of growth, yields and its components of rice in both seasons. However, the minimum number, fresh and dry weights of flatsedge were resulted from application of thiobencarb (Saturn 50 % EC) at the rate of 2 L/fed after 9 DFS in both seasons.
3. The interaction between soil amendments and weed control treatments had a significant effect on all studied character of weeds and rice, except number of barnyard grass in the second seasons, dry weight of barnyard grass in the first season, number of Jungle rice in the first season and dry weight of Jungle rice in the second season.
According to the obtained results from this study, it can be concluded that, application FYM at the rate of 10 t/fed or gypsum at the rate of 5.0 t/fed and using bispyribac sodium could be recommend to raise rice productivity under the environmental conditions of El-Hamoul district, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate.
rice,Oryza sativa L,soil amendment,farmyard manure,gypsum,sulphur,weed control,herbicides,yield,Quality
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86379.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86379_87b7af86606925da5d6ba64d50b6310b.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
GENETIC ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY SUITABLE PARENTS FOR DEVOLEPMENT AND RELASE OF NEW TOMATO HYBRIDS COMBINATIONS ( Lycopersicom esculantum Mill)
579
589
EN
A.
M.
Assar
Veg. Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst.,Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
H.
M. M.
Ghobary
Veg. Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst.,Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
M.
H.
Tolba
Veg. Res. Dep., Hort. Res. Inst.,Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86380
A study was conducted on a 7x 7 diallel set of tomato excluding reciprocals to identify desired parents and its cross combinations which appears high productivity and high quality under conditions in Egypt as well as to gather information on genetic behavior of some traits .The results revealed that both general and specific combining abilities were highly significant for all studied traits .therefore, both additive and non additive gene action were important in the expression of these traits .The magnitudes of additive genetic variances were larger than those of the non – additive variances for plant height ,number of branches / plant ,average fruit weight and TSS % .However ,for other traits ,the dominance gene effects play the major role in the inheritance of these traits. Degree of dominance (Ơ<sup>2 </sup>D/ Ơ<sup>2 </sup>A)<sup>1/2 </sup>revealing the importance of partial dominance and that the additive effects played the major role in the inheritance of the plant height ,number of branches / plant ,average fruit weight, fruit shape index and TSS %.Whereas revealing the importance of over dominance in the genetic control of other traits .In addition both broad and narrow sense heritability values were high for all studied traits ,indicating that all traits were highly heritable .
Heterosis over mid parents or better parents was present in most of crosses for the studied traits. LHT24 and CLN2498D were good combiner for vegetative traits. Peto 86 was the best combiner for number fruits/ plant and total yield/plant .Marglobe is consider good combiner for average fruit weight and fruit shape index .Advantage -2 was best combiner for TSS.
Considering mean performances, SCA effects and hererosis, three hybrids LHT24 X Advantage -2, LHT24 X Floradade and Peto 86 X Advantage -2 may be recommended for heterosis breeding after further evaluation.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86380.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86380_7fb20fd1fc5077cafa4e33305c1a4a48.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
EFFECT OF POLYAMINES PRETREATMENTS ON THE ACTIVITY OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN SALT STRESSED WHEAT PLANTS
591
597
EN
Fawzia
A. A.
Ebad
Botany and Microbiology Departments, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, (Girls Branch)
Eglal
M.
G.
Botany and Microbiology Departments, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, (Girls Branch)
Abeer
E.
Mohamed
Botany and Microbiology Departments, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, (Girls Branch)
10.21608/jpp.2010.86381
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of polyamines pretreatments, putrescine (2, 4, 6, 8 &10 mM) or spermine ( 2,4, 6,8 & 10 mM),on the activity of catalas, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase in salt stressed wheat plants. NaCl (0.0, 6000, 8000,10000 ppm) led to a gradual increase in the activity of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in wheat plants. On the other hand, activity of antioxidant enzymes was decreased by the application of different polyamines treatments, especially with higher levels, in plants grown under salt stress (6000, 8000 and 10000 ppm NaCl)
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86381.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86381_7723cb47e1a633b898f98267eeb61a51.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
EFFECT OF SOME FLOOD IRRIGATION AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION TREATMENTS ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF “DESSERT RED” PEACH TREES GROWN IN CLAY SOIL
599
620
EN
G.
B.Y.
Mikhael
Deciduous Fruit Trees Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt
Manal
A.
Aziz
Soil, Water and Environ. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt.
W.
M.
Abd El-Messeih
Deciduous Fruit Trees Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jpp.2010.86382
This investigation was carried out during 2008 and 2009 seasons to study the effect of three irrigation regimes at 80, 70 and 60% of field capacity (FC) (I<sub>1</sub>, I<sub>2</sub> and I<sub>3</sub>) and three potassium fertilizer levels at 0.5, 0.75 and 1 kg K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (48% K<sub>2</sub>O)/tree (K<sub>1</sub>, K<sub>2</sub> and K<sub>3</sub>), as well as, their interaction on vegetative growth, nutritional status, water relations, yield and fruit quality in addition to field water use efficiency (FWUE) of “Dessert Red” peach trees budded on Nemaguard rootstock grown in Sedy Salem District, Kafrelsheikh governorate. The obtained data indicated that, deficit irrigation regime was associated with reduced shoot length and diameter, number of leaves/shoot, area per leaf, shoot and leaf dry weights and trunk cross section area–increase. However, increasing K fertilizer level caused a significant increase in previous vegetative growth characeristics. The application of (I<sub>1</sub> x K<sub>3</sub>) and/or (I<sub>2</sub> x K<sub>3</sub>) considered the best combination treatments for enhanced vegetative growth in both seasons of study.
In the two experimental seasons, reducing irrigation rate up to 60% FC led to significant reduction in leaf macro and micro-nutrients, total chlorophyll contents, and significant increment in leaf free proline content. Meanwhile, increasing K fertilizer level from 0.5 to 0.75 or 1 kg K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>/tree significantly increased leaf K and free proline contents but significantly reduced leaf Ca, Mg and total chlorophyll contents. On the other hand, leaf N, P, Fe, Mn and Zn-contents were not affected by increasing the level of K fertilizer. Either deficit irrigation regime or high K fertilizer level recorded the highest values of bound water and osmotic pressure of cell sap and the lowest total and free water contents in both seasons.
Additionally, fruit yield (kg/tree), yield efficiency (kg/cm<sup>2</sup> TCSA) and total yield (ton/fed.) as well as average fruit weight, length and diameter were significantly increased by increasing either irrigation or K fertilizer levels, while, fruit firmness was reduced. Moreover, colour%, skin anthocyanin content and SSC were significantly increased under high K fertilizer level but, significantly decreased under higher irrigation level. However, total acidity was not affected with the both tested irrigation and K fertilizer levels and their interaction in both seasons. Greatest yield with heaviest and largest fruit beside highest values of field water use efficiency (FWUE) were produced by applying (I<sub>1</sub> x K<sub>3</sub>) and/or (I<sub>2</sub> x K<sub>3</sub>) combination treatments.
Thus, this study recommend “Dessert Red” peach growers in clay soil to irrigate when soil moisture content reached 70% (FC) and to apply 1 kg K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (48% K<sub>2</sub>O)/tree in (I<sub>2</sub> x K<sub>3</sub>) combination treatment which is considered the best one in this study. This treatment is not only stimulated vegetative growth and improved nutritional status and water relations but also produced maximum yield with high fruit quality especially fruit weight, size, colour and SSC content beside, saving irrigation water and increasing FWUE kg/m<sup>3</sup>.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86382.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86382_8f68489eb82b8609f1606dc29eaa70fb.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
THE ROLE OF ROOT SYSTEM TRAITS IN THE DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF RICE ( Oryza sativa L.)
621
631
EN
A.
A.
Abd Allah
Field Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
Saimaa
A.
Badawy
Agronomy Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El Sheikh University
B.
A.
Zayed
Field Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
basunyz@yahoo.com
A.
A.
El-Gohary
Field Crop Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
10.21608/jpp.2010.86384
A field and greenhouse experiments were conducted at Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha during 2008 and 2009 rice growing seasons to compare root system development of five rice varieties and lines ;viz., IET 1444, Giza 178, GZ 5121-5-2, GZ 1368-S-5-4 and Sakha 101, under drought stress, and to identify traits that confer drought tolerance. After fifteen days from sowing (15 DAS), drought stress was imposed in greenhouse for four days, followed by rewatering till harvesting. Root length density (RLD), root diameter (RD), leaf dry weight (LDW), stem dry weight (SDW) and root xylem vessels number (RXV) were measured at the end of the stress period during maximum tillering stage. Control plants were well watered throughout the study. GZ 5121-5-2 and GZ 1368-S-5-4 lines had thicker roots, higher root diameter, higher leaf and stem dry weights and higher root length density RLD (ratio of RLD in drought-stressed plants to that in control plants) than those under normal conditions. While, IET 1444 and Giza 178 cultivars had higher root diameter and leaf dry weight under normal conditions than under drought stress. Root xylem vessels number values were higher for all studied genotypes under drought stress than under normal conditions. The highest root xylem vessels were recorded for IET 1444, Giza 178 and GZ 5121-5-2 genotypes<strong>.</strong> The genotypes, Giza 178, GZ 5121-5-2 and GZ 1368-S-S-4, produced the highest grain yield under stress conditions compared to the others. Heritability estimates, in general, were higher for all studied traits. Related plant traits, such as root xylem vessels number, root length density, leaf and stem dry weights in IET1444, GZ1368-S-4-5 and GZ5121-5-2 genotypes were significantly more favorable for drought tolerance compared to Sakha 101 variety.
Drought tolerance,Root system development,Rice varieties and lines
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86384.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86384_0f4cd7e7a274005bfb1d43daf84fa9c7.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
ACTIVATORS AND INHIBITORS OF PROTEASE FROM COTYLEDONS OF CUCURBITA SEEDLINGS.
633
644
EN
H.
M.
El-Shora
Mansoura University, Faculty of Scince, Botany Department, Egypt.
Hala
S.
Taha
Mansoura University, Faculty of Scince, Botany Department, Egypt.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86385
Protease was isolated from cotyledons of 5-day old marrow (<em>Cucurbita pepo</em> L.) seedlings. The enzyme was induced by kinetin or benzyladenine (BA) at 50, 100 and 150 µmol. Protease was also induced by homobrassinolide (HBL) after treatment with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 µmol. Polyamines such as putrescine, spermine, cadaverine, spermidine and mixture of polyamines induced protease activity. Ca<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> activated protease activity when tested at either 5 or 10 mM. On the other hand, Co<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup> inhibited the enzyme activity. AMP, ADP and ATP induced protease activity. Surfactants such as Triton X-100, Tween 60 and Tween 80 increased protease activity when added in the range of 0.2-1.2 % (v/v). Treatment with various concentrations of CdCl<sub>2</sub> and PbCl<sub>2</sub> resulted in inhibition of protease activity and PbCl<sub>2 </sub>was the stronger inhibitor. EDTA as chelating agent inhibited protease activity.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86385.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86385_c0a3f5f87793b8120887ac6806a7baa2.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
1
4
2010
04
01
STORAGE ABILITY OF ONION (Allium cepa L.) GIZA 6 CV. AS AFFECTED BY WATER REGIME AND HARVEST STAGE UNDER ASSIUT CONDITIONS.
645
657
EN
A.
K.
Metwally
Dept. of Horticulture Fac. of Agric., Assiut univ., Assiut-Egypt.
10.21608/jpp.2010.86386
This investigation was carried out at the experimental farm of Assiut University in 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons to study the effect of irrigation regime and stage of maturity on onion Giza 6 <em>cv</em>. storage ability .The quantity of applied water ranged between 350 to 7350 m<sup>2</sup>/fed..Irrigation interval was 15 or 30 days .Cured bulbs stored at room temperature for180 days.The lowest percent of damage after 90 days was recorded in regime1early harvesting. The highest water quantity resulted in the highest weight loss percent after both 90 and 180 days of storage The lowest percent of total loss after 90 days was recorded in early harvested bulbs under regime 1 which received the lowest water quantity .The height marketable bulbs (%) was obtained after 90 days storage in regimes which received the lowest water supply. Early harvesting resulted in lower total loss and higher marketable percent after both 90 and 180 days of storage .
Onion storage,water loss- Marketable bulbs,bulb decay
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86386.html
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86386_15cd2d7f1141cc37c4a12f891a3f58f5.pdf