ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF HARVEST DATE ON FRUIT SET, DROPPING AND CHANGES IN NUTRENT AND ENDOGENS HORMONE OF WASHINGTON NAVEL ORANGE TREES
The effect of picking dates on fruit set, dropping and nutrient change of Washington navel orange were studied during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons. It is an evident decrease in N, P and K contents in leaves and juice was obtained with delayed harvest date. Activity of pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase (PGU) enzymes in fruit peduncles was increased by delayed picking dates. This was related to increasing pre-harvest fruit drop percentage. Delaying time of fruit harvest increased gibberellic acid and indole acetic acid (IAA) and decreased abscisic acid in the leaves. Regarding successive season parameters, delaying harvest date delayed the flowering starting date and full bloom date and increased vegetative bud percentage and decreased flower bud percentage. Moreover, a decrease in fruit set in the following season was also noticed. The data also, revealed that content and endogens hormone of Washington navel orange trees that fruit dropping significantly increased with delaying the date of picking since, the earlier data gave a lower dropping than the other dates.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49063_932ec15fb760dc95cbcc103b5ba5f6c4.pdf
2015-01-01
1
9
10.21608/jpp.2015.49063
Picking date-Washington navel orange
Successive yield-Enzyme
activity- Endogenous hormones
A.
Ibrahem
1
Hort., Res., Inst. Agric. Res. Centre. Cairo, EGYPT
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PERFORMANCE, GENETIC VARIABILITY, AND TRAITS ASSOCIATION OF HYBRID RICE UNDER NORMAL AND DROUGHT ENVIRONMENTS
The present study was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt during 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons. Three elite hybrid rice combination namely; IR64608 A x Giza 181, IR64608 A x Gz.1368-5-4 and IR64608 A x Suweon 287R were produced (in 2011) and evaluated beside their four parents (3 pollen parents and the iso genic maintainer of the CMS line IR64608 A) a long with seventeen rice cultivars/ or lines. Such genotypes including 7 of the most commercial rice cultivars, 3 drought tolerant rice varieties, six elite maintainers and IET 1444. All the materials (24 rice genotypes) were grown under two irrigation treatments; drought stress (irrigation every 12 days) and irrigation every 6 days through two successive seasons of 2012 and 2013. The aim of this investigation was to study the response of elite hybrid rice combinations to drought stress compared with a large number of Egyptian and exotic rice cultivars /varieties having a wide range of drought tolerance, determine the association between grain yield and the other agronomic characters under water stressed and non-stressed environments as well as estimate the range of drought susceptibility index for grain yield for the genotypes under study and to sheds light on phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variability, heritability and genetic advance from selection. The genotypic variance (σ2 G) was highly significant for all the studied traits, indicating wide range of genetic variability among rice genotypes. Also, the variance due to irrigation treatments (σ2 T) was highly significant for all characters. Furthermore, G x T interaction was highly significant for all characters except for 1000-grain weight, indicating that the genotypes interacted considerably with environmental changes and 1000-grain weight was more genotypically controlled. The three hybrid rice genotypes involved in this study surpassed all the other genotypes in grain yield, number of panicles/ plant, number of grains/ panicle, number of spikelets/ panicle and panicle length. This was true under drought stress and over the two treatments. The hybrid rice IR64608 A x Suweon 287R recorded the most desirable estimates of grain yield (4.82 and 2.83 ton/fed.), number of grains/ panicle (231 and 160) and number spikelets/ panicle (255 and 205) under normal and drought stress, respectively. Grain yield was significantly correlated with each of panicle length, number of spikelets/ panicle and number of grains/ panicle under stressed and non-stressed environments. While, it was significantly correlated with days to 50% heading under drought stress and with number of panicles/ plant under higher moisture environment. The estimates of PCV was maximized in case of sterility percentage (42.9%) followed by number of panicles/ plant, while GCV values were maximized in case of number of panicles/ plant. The differences between PCV and GCV was high for number of grains/ panicle and grain yield, indicating the influence of environment on them but such differences were low in case of the other traits. High broad sense heritability estimates was recorded for days to 50% heading (94.3%), number of panicles/ plant (93.7%), panicle length (89.47%) and number of spikelets/ panicle (86.55%). The desirable genetic gain from selection was found to be associated with high heritability estimates in case of number of panicles/ plant and number of spikelets/ panicle. Moroberekan, Hexi 41B, IET1444, IR68884 B, WAB 878 and IRAT 170 detected the lowest DSI values however, their grain yield was still low compared with the hybrids and most of the other genotypes under drought stress.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49273_64cf079f3c782965dafb0600448fdddc.pdf
2015-01-01
11
28
10.21608/jpp.2015.49273
I.
El-Degwy
1
Agronomy Dep., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
NATURE OF GENE ACTION AND HETEROTIC PERFORMANCE FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SUMMER SQUASH (Cucurbita pepo l.)
Six inbred lines of summer squash representing wide range of variability in most of the studied traits were utilized in a half diallel cross. The studied traits were Plant height, days to female flowers, number of fruits/plant, average fruit length, average fruit diameter, average fruit weight, early yield/plant and total yield/plant. Heterotic performance, graphically variance/covariance analysis and genetic components were used to analyze the obtained data. Results showed that the maximum significant true heterosis (BP) in desirable direction (179.9%) was recorded for early yield/plant followed by total yield (106.9%), fruits number/plant(57.0%), plant height (40.9%), average fruit weight (32.5%) and days to female flowering date (-17.2%). Data of diallel table for each trait were subjected to graphical analysis to obtain information on the adequacy of the additive-dominance model of gene action. The relative position of array points on Vr/Wr graph indicated that parental genotype P1 (line-280) contained high frequency of dominant alleles for earliness, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruits number and both early and total yield. Results of diallel analysis indicated that the value (H/D)1/2 was more than unity for all studied traits indicating the presence of over-dominance and supporting the graphical conclusions. However, the predominance of non-additive gene effects and values of hn.s for most important traits suggesting the possibility exploiting dominance gene effects for improving such traits through heterosis breeding.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49274_d109f5fa4891e5efcbae1eae6baa67b2.pdf
2015-01-01
29
40
10.21608/jpp.2015.49274
summer squash
Heterosis
Genetic Components
heritability
Variance
Covariance
A.
Hussien
1
Vegetables Breeding Dept. Hort. Res. Inst.- Agricultural Research Center (ARC)- Giza- Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF APPLICATION TIME OF NK- FERTILIZER AND FOLIAR SPRAYING WITH ASCOBIEN COMPOUND ON PRODUCTION OF HYBRID RICE SEED
Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt, during 2012 and 2013 rice seasons; the study to identify the optimum time for Nitrogen, Potassium fertilizer growing application and foliar of ascobien compound application on growth and yield characters to increase the productivity of hybrid rice seed. The study included that two parental lines the first was IR69625 A as female line, with abortive sterility and the second was Giza178 cultivar as restorer line to produce F1 hybrid seed. The experimental design was A split – split plot design with three replications. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
Increasing the number of nitrogen fertilizer application time, especially when it applied at booting stage, resulted in a significant increase in heading date, plant height, flag leaf angel, flag leaf area, number of tillers hill-1, number of panicle hill-1, panicle length, panicle weight, number of filled grains panicle-1, seed set%, 1000- grain weight, grain yield and harvest index% in both seasons. The highest seed yield was obtained when nitrogen fertilizer was adding in four equal doses in both seasons.
The highest seed yield was obtained when potassium fertilizer was applied in two equal doses as basal soil and especially when it added at Panicle initiation stage (SI). Application of K- fertilizer at the two equal doses (SI) resulted in a significant increase in number of panicle hill-1, panicle exertion, panicle length, panicle weight, number of filled grains panicle-1, seed set %, 1000- grain weight, grain yield, harvest index % in both seasons.
The foliar application of ascobien compound at 25 and 45 days after transplanting recorded that the highest and significant values of heading date, plant height, flag leaf angel, flag leaf area, number of tillers hill-1, number of panicle hill-1, panicle exertion, panicle length, panicle weight, number of filled grains panicle-1, seed set %, 1000- grain weight, grain yield and harvest index % compared with other applications in both seasons.
The all interaction between and among the three factors under study showed a significant effect on a lot of characters especially in the grain yield in the two seasons of study.
From this study, it can be concluded that application of nitrogen on four equal doses (STIB), potassium in two equal doses (SI) and foliar application of ascobien at 25 and 45 days after transplanting could be recommended for optimum productivity of hybrid rice seed (SK 2034 H).
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49275_0b3c92ec1e5145b7ac5d584177ccd5fa.pdf
2015-01-01
41
56
10.21608/jpp.2015.49275
S.
Sorour
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University
AUTHOR
A.
Mohamed
2
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University
AUTHOR
M.
Abo Youssef
3
Rice Research & Training Center, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
AUTHOR
M.
Tawfik
4
Rice Research & Training Center, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
VEGETATIVE GROWTH, YIELD AND SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN LEAVES AND PODS OF COMMON BEAN AS AFFECTED BY SALICYLIC ACID AND POTASSIUM FOLIAR APPLICATION UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION INTERVALS
Two field experiments were carried out at a Private Farm located in Salaka village, El-Mansoura, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2011/2012.These experiments aimed to study the effect of irrigation intervals and some foliar application treatments ( salicylic acid and potassium) on common bean(Bronco cultivar) vegetative growth parameters ( plant height, number of leaves ,fresh and dry weights and leaf area/plant) , yield ( early yield and total yield) , Chemical constituents in leaves(chlorophyll a, b and total, N, P , K and proline content) and Chemical constituents in pods(protein, carbohydrates and sugar content).This study included 15 treatments, which were the combinations between three irrigation intervals (10, 13 and 16 days) and five foliar application treatments including control. These treatments were arranged in a split plot in a complete randomized block design with three replicates.
The obtained results showed that the mean values of vegetative growth parameters ,yield and Chemical constituents in leaves and pods of common bean plants were reduced due to increasing irrigation intervals up to 16 days during both seasons of study, while proline content increased by increasing irrigation intervals up to 16 days.
Generally, results showed that foliar application of Salicylic Acid at 15 and 30 ppm and foliar potassium at 1% and 2% improved all measured traits under both well watered and water stress conditions.
The highest significant values of the aforementioned parameters were recorded with spraying plants with Salicylic Acid at 30 ppm and irrigation every 13 days (5 irrigations) followed with salicylic acid at 15 ppm and foliar potassium at 1% and 2% as compared with every 10 or 16 days (4 or 6 irrigations) . However, the highest mean value of leaf`s proline content was obtained from the plants which irrigated every 16 days. Thus, results signify the role of SA and K in regulating drought response of plants and suggest that foliar salicylic acid and potassium could be used as a potential growth regulator, for improving common bean growth under water stress conditions.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49277_e65d90f290cdd231ee57c1c963a995f1.pdf
2015-01-01
57
72
10.21608/jpp.2015.49277
common bean
Phaseolus vulgaris
Irrigation intervals
Salicylic acid
Potassium and proline
K.
Dawa
1
Vegetable Crops and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR
H.
Ahmed
2
Vegetable Crops Seed Production and Technology Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Fekry
3
Vegetable Crops and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF FOLIAR AND SOIL APPLICATION DATES OF YEAST (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) ON SUGAR BEET PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY
This investigation was carried out at El-Manyal Village, Talkha District, Dakahlia Governorate, during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons to evaluate the role of three times of foliar and soil applications of yeast at 60, 75 and 90 days after sowing (DAS), compared to the control on productivity and quality of sugar beet "cv. Kawemira". The main results could be summarized as follows:
1- Spraying plants with yeast significantly increased the averages of all studied characters in both seasons compared with the control treatment (without yeast spraying), except root diameter and root juice apparent purity percentage.
2- Delaying spraying beet plants with yeast from 60 to 70 and 90 DAS resulted in gradual significant decreases in root fresh weight/plant, root length as well as root and sugar yields/fad., in both seasons. On the other side, the same treatment resulted in gradual significant increases in total soluble solids and sucrose percentages in both seasons.
3- Soil applications of yeast significantly increased the averages of root fresh weight/plant, root dimensions (length and diameter) as well as root and sugar yields/fad., in both seasons compared with the control (without yeast soil application) as well as total soluble solids percentage and root sucrose contents in the second season. On the other hand, the same treatment significantly decreased root juice apparent purity percentage in the second season.
4- Delaying soil applications of yeast from 60 to 90 DAS significantly decreased root fresh weight/plant, root length and diameter as well as root and sugar yields/fad., in both seasons and the percentages of root sucrose and root juice apparent purity in the second season. However, the same treatment significantly increased total soluble solids in the second season.
5- The interaction between times of foliar and soil applications of yeast had significantl effect on root and sugar yields/fad., in both seasons.
Generally, it could be concluded that adding yeast as a foliar and a soil applications for sugar beet plants at the age of 60 days is recommended to maximize its productivity and quality under the environmental conditions of Dakahlia Governorate.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49279_e9bf46d62ed5aed6a93556041d7235c8.pdf
2015-01-01
73
82
10.21608/jpp.2015.49279
Sugar beet
Beta vulgaris L
yeast foliar application
yeast soil application
yield
Quality
M.
Abdou
1
Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ESTIMATION OF COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS FOR SOME MAIZE INBRED LINES AND ITS SINGLE CROSSES
Two field experiments were conducted out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to estimate combining ability, heterosis for six inbred lines (Three American inbreds: P97, B73and Oh.43 and three Egyptian inbred lines: R39, Inb.1021 and Inb.1004) and its F1 crosses. The most important results obtained from this investigation can be summarized as follows:
The differences among means of parental inbreds and also among means of crosses were significant or highly significant for all studied traits.
Mean squares of crosses were highly significant for all studied traits, indicating wide range of genetic variability among the studied crosses and this is primary requirement for further computation.
Both general and specific combining abilities mean squares were found to be highly significant for all studied traits.
GCA/SCA variances ratios were found to be lower than unity for six traits i.e. time to tassel emergency, time to silk emergency, number of rows/ear, number of kernels/row, grain yield/plant and shelling percentage and higher than unity for plant height and 100-Kernel weigh.
Significant positive general combining ability (GCA) effects were found for most studied traits. The best combiners were P2 (P79) and P4 (Inb.1021) for earliness traits; P5 (Inb.1004) and P6 (Oh.43) for plant height; P5 (Inb.1004) for number of rows/ear; P1 (R39) for number of grains/row; P2 (P97), P3 (B73) and P4 (Inb.1021) for 100-grain weight; P1 (R39) for grain yield/plant; P1 (R39) and P2 (P97) for shelling percentage.
Significant positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects were found for most studied traits. The best cross combinations P3×P4 for number of rows/ear; P1×P5 for number of grains/row; P1×P3, P1×P6, P2×P3, P2×P5, P3×P5 and P4×P6 for 100-Grain weight; P1×P2, P1×P5, P2×P5, P3×P6 and P4×P5 for grain yield/plant; P1×P5, P3×P6 and P4×P5 for shelling percentage.
Results showed significant or highly significant heterosis over mid-parents and better parents for all studied traits. The best crosses over mid and better parents were (P1×P5) for number of rows/ear; (P1×P6) for number of grains/row; (P2×P5) for100-grain weight;(P1×P6)for grain yield and (P1×P4) for shelling percentage.
The study recommends using inbred line P3 (B73) and crosses P1×P2, P1×P3 and P3×P6 in breeding program of maize to improve the yield and its components where they recorded the highest value of the grain yield/plant and gave a better combining ability.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49280_a3e89a6cd3c4203b2d2c1b176ae0350d.pdf
2015-01-01
83
98
10.21608/jpp.2015.49280
Maize
Inbred Lines
crosses
Combining ability
Heterosis
A.
Attia
1
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Sultan
2
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Badawi
3
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Abdel–Moneam
4
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
Al-Rawi
5
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
SOYBEAN SEED [Glycine max. (L.) MERRILL] QUALITY IN RELATION TO POD POSITION AND STORAGE PERIOD
Viability and performance of soybean Seeds were obviously affected by pod position on the plant and storage period so that they don’t have germination capacity above the standard of certified seed (75%) and produce pour performance under field conditions. The objective of the present research was to determine the effect of pod position on the plant and open-air storage conditions for 3,6 and 18 months on soybean seed quality as expressed by germination traits, seed and seedling vigor under optimal and sub-optimal conditions in the laboratory and the field during 2012 and 2013 seasons. The results revealed that seeds from the upper third part of the plant tended to have high quality including seed weight, laboratory germination before and after aging, germination rate, seedling length and its dry matter, electrical conductivity as well as field emergence. Seed quality was also influenced by storage period, the longer the period the lower seed quality. However, soybean seed can be stored safety without dramatic changes in quality attributes for 6 months. Seed deteriorating was related to the genetic makeup .Protein and oil seed content within each cultivar were not significantly affected by storage period. Oil acidity, acid value and free fatty acids were increased with increasing storage period, while Peroxide value was decreased... However, prolonging storage period up to 18 months (carried- over seeds) should be under controlled conditions in order to maintain seed quality unchanged. Furthermore, economical study is need to determining the benefit of using certain part of the plant for future plant purpose as compared with using the whole harvested seeds.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49283_d840604ffa602204560ac2ff9e3a3279.pdf
2015-01-01
99
108
10.21608/jpp.2015.49283
Soybean
Glycine max
Seed position
Storage
A.
El-Emam
1
Seed Tech. Res. Dep.,Field Crops Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza
AUTHOR
Hoda
Elshaboury
2
Legume Crops Res. Dep., Field Crops Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
INHANCEMENT OF SOME CITRUS TREES TOLERANCE TO GASEOUS POLLUTANTS AND HEAVY METALS BY USING DIFFERENT ANTIOXIDANTS AND EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS
The pattern of changes in reducing the total amount of both Pb and Cd in the leaves and fruits of Valencia orange and Balady mandarin were apparent .Also, the combined treatments V.C,V.E. and EM produced a synergistic influence on the reduction of Pb and Cd inside the leaves tissue and fruits . It is interesting to mention that the combination of the treatments used induced a marked decrease in the toxic elements in the leaves and fruits peel and their pulp ,below the values maintained under single treatment through the both seasons of the study .A decrease in both Cd and Pb in leaves and fruits ,attribute to the effect of different treatments applied. Also ,significant increase in the concentrations of chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll were detected in both cultivars. Moreover , stimulatory effects of the treatments on total number of fruits ,fruit weight and yield per tree of Valencia orange and Balady mandarin were recorded .
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49288_319f7ae8362259c70f05ff369af6995b.pdf
2015-01-01
109
121
10.21608/jpp.2015.49288
E.
EL-Baz
1
Pomology Dept., Fac of Agric., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
M.
Mostafa
2
Pomology Dept., Fac of Agric., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
L.
Arafat
3
Pomology Dept., Fac of Agric., Mansoura University
AUTHOR
M.
Aboryia
4
Egyptian Environmental Affair Agency
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF MICROELEMENTS AND POTASSIUM LEVELS ON GROWTH, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND QUALITY CHARACTERS OF SUGAR BEET (Beta vulgaris L.) UNDER NEWLY RECLAIMED SOILS
Two field experiments were conducted during two successive seasons 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 at Nubaria area, Alexandria Governorate, in order to study the effect of foliar application of B, Fe, Zn and Mn at the concentrations of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 L /400 L water/fed and potassium fertilizer levels (24, 36 and 48 kg K2O/fed.) on yield and physiological characters of sugar beet plant (Beta vulgaris L.) under newly reclaimed soils.
A split plot design with four replications was used. Results revealed that foliar application of B, Fe, Zn and Mn at the concentration of 1.5 l/fed recorded highest root diameter and root fresh weight/plant, as well as, sucrose%, root and sugar yields/fed., while, foliar application of B, Fe, Zn and Mn at the concentration of at 2 l/fed gave tallest root and percentage of root impurities (a- amino-N, Na and K). Fertilization of potassium at rate of 48 kg K2O/fed gave highest values of root length, root diameter, the percentage of a-N, Na, K as well as root and sugar yields/fed in both seasons. On the contrary, a gradual reduction in sucrose% had been detected with the increase in potassium level over 36 kg K2O/fed, while application of potassium at rate of 24 kg K2O/fed recorded the lowest values in all characters in both seasons. The interaction between foliar spraying of B, Fe, Zn and Mn at the concentration of 1.5 l/fed and potassium fertilizer at rate of 48 kg K2O /fed significantly affected root and sugar yields/fed and sucrose% in both seasons.
It could be summarized that, application of potassium at rate of 48 kg K2O /fed and foliar spraying of B, Fe, Zn and Mn at the concentration of 1.5 l/fed significantly k,affected root diameter and root fresh weight, root and sugar yields/fed. as well as sucrose%
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_49290_f87582f2646101f7e3671211da078131.pdf
2015-01-01
123
133
10.21608/jpp.2015.49290
Kh.
Abdelaal
1
Agricultural botany Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafrelshiekh University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Shimaa
Badawy
2
Agronomy Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafrelshiekh University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Shahrzd
Neana
3
Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR