eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
2013-01-01
4
1
1
13
10.21608/jpp.2013.68603
68603
Original Article
EXPLORATION HYBRID RICE UNDER SALINE SOIL CONDITIONS IN Egypt
B. Zayed
basunyz@yahoo.com
1
R. EL- Namaky
2
S. Seedek
3
H. El - Mowafi
4
Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Sakha, Kafr Elsheikh, ARC, Egypt.
Rice Research Centre, Field Crop Research Institute, ARC, Egypt.
Rice Research Centre, Field Crop Research Institute, ARC, Egypt.
Rice Research Centre, Field Crop Research Institute, ARC, Egypt.
Salinity is the main constrain to rice production in Egypt. The high heterosis displayed by hybrid rice might be exploited for the enhancement of rice productivity in the presence of economically-important stresses such as drought and salinity.
Three field experiments were conducted during summer seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012 rice seasons at El- Sirw Agricultural Research Station as saline soil and EL- Gemmiza Agricultural Research Station as normal soil. The salinity levels were 8.2, 8.5 and 8.3 dsm-1 in ,2010, 2011 and 2012 seasons, respectively as saline soil and 1.9 and 1.8 dsm-1 for normal soil. In 2012 season, the best selected genotypes compared with the salt tolerant variety Giza 178 were physiologically evaluated under saline soil. Fifteen rice genotypes, nine hybrids, SK2034H, SK2046H, SK2035H, SK2058H, SK2074H,SK2010H, SK2121H, SK2122H, SK2037H, and six inbreeds rice, Giza 177 (salt sensitive), Giza 178 ( the best salt Egyptian variety), Giza 182 (Sensitive one), Sakha 101 (moderate salt tolerant one), Sakha 102 ( Sensitive one) and Sakha 104 ( moderate salt one) were used in this investigation .
Studied genotypes significantly varied in all studied parameters under both saline and normal soils. Under normal soil all tested hybrids significantly surpassed the studied inbreeds but hybrid 8 was less all of inbreeds except Giza 177 and Sakha 102. While, under saline soil conditions, there are only three hybrids; SK2034H, SK2035H and SK2058H markedly exceeded the salt tolerant inbred rice variety Giza178 in large score.
The hybrid SK2046H gave the highest number of panicle hill-1 under normal condition, while, SK2058H gave the highest values of panicle number under saline soil for this trait.The ability of SK2034H, SK2055H, SK2058H, Hybrids and Giza 178 to keep high filled grains under saline soil
The results obtained indicated that the three hybrids SK2034H, SK2035H and SK2058H could be recommended to be grown under saline soil with yield increase of 16–22 % over Giza178 as inbred salt tolerant one that may be due to their high heterosis. On the other hand, SK2058H markedly surpassed the other two hybrids. It could be concluded that SK2058H gave the highest means in all seedling characteristics, number of white roots, root dry weight of seedling, shoot dry weight, root length, shoot length and number of leaves plant-1 under saline soil during the last seasons without significant differences compared with those produced by hybrid SK2034H. On the other hand, the lowest values of aforementioned traits were recorded by Giza 178 inbred salt tolerant variety.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_68603_33443e658cb6ae81b7d185fd2322d861.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
2013-01-01
4
1
15
32
10.21608/jpp.2013.68605
68605
Original Article
EFFECT OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZER, BIOSTIMULANTS AND EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS ON GROWTH, CARBOHYDRATES CONCENTRATION AND ION PERCENTAGE IN THE SHOOTS OF POTATO PLANTS
A. Arafa
1
S. Hussin
2
Hager Mohamed
3
Agric. Bot. Dept., Fac. of Agric. Mansoura University
Agric. Bot. Dept., Fac. of Agric. Mansoura University
Agric. Bot. Dept., Fac. of Agric. Mansoura University
Increasing potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/fed significantly induced growth and carbohydrates concentration and ion percentage in potato shoots as compared to control in both seasons. The highest values was obtained due to application of 40 kg K2O/fed in the first and second seasons as compared with untreated plants. Addition of effective microorganisms and exogenous application of biostimulants, in particular, seaweed extract significantly increased shoot growth, carbohydrates concentration and ion percentage as compared to control in both seasons.
As for the interactions, application of biostimulants, in particular, seaweed extract, significantly increased shoot growth, carbohydrates concentration and ion percentage in potato shoots grown under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without an addition of effective microorganisms. The highest value was obtained under the treatment of 40 kg K2O/fed with addition of effective microorganisms and spraying plants with 500 mg/l seaweed extract as compared with control plant in the first and second growing seasons.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_68605_930f5ab180f34a65c72ae096b8bb018d.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
2013-01-01
4
1
33
50
10.21608/jpp.2013.68606
68606
Original Article
RESISTANCE OF SOME FLAX GENOTYPES TO PODWERY MILDEW AND EFFECT OF THE DISEASE ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS.
M. Hussein
1
M. Omer
2
Field Crops Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
The present investigation was conducted using twelve flax genotypes namely, Giza 9, Giza 10, Sakha 3, Sakha 4 (local varieties), Jiteka, Blenika, Ilona, Escalina (introduced varieties) and strains 16, 22 and 402//21/10/9 (local strains) grown under field conditions at Tag El-Ezz, El-Dakahlia Governorate during 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 growing seasons. Disease incidence (DI) on the tested genotypes ranged from 44.82 to 90.13% in the first season and from 38.86 to 81.42% in the second one. However, disease severity (DS) ranged from 48.83 to 92.25% in the first season and from 43.83 to 85.85% in the second season. In general, the local genotypes were more resistant to powdery mildew than the introductions due to their adaptation to the local populations of Oidium lini. Some of the differences between the genotypes in disease incidence and disease severity were inconsistent from season to season, which may indicate the occurrence of genotype x environment interaction. Ilona followed by Giza 9 exceeded the other tested genotypes in straw yield traits. However, Strain 22 followed by Strain 16 outyielded other tested genotypes in seed yield traits. Moreover, other tested genotypes showed intermediate estimates for all straw and seed traits in both seasons. All the significant correlation coefficients between disease intensity variables and agronomic traits were negative in each season, which implies that selection for powdery mildew resistance would necessarily lead to an improvement in agronomic traits and vice versa. On the other hand, many significant correlation coefficients were observed among agronomic traits in each season. Cluster analysis of the twelve genotypes based on dissimilarity in agronomic traits and susceptibility to powdery mildew, placed the fiber type genotypes and the oil type genotypes in two distinct unrelated groups. The genetic background of the fiber type genotypes (dissimilarity level = 15) was more diverse that that of the oil type genotypes (dissimilarity level = almost zero). The diversity of the fiber type genotypes may facilitate the selection process for better agronomic traits and more resistance to powdery mildew.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_68606_fe06c11e5c22aede4009a0cec33930a3.pdf
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes
powdery mildew
agronomic traits
correlation
cluster analysis
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
2013-01-01
4
1
51
78
10.21608/jpp.2013.68608
68608
Original Article
RESPONSE OF Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. TO THE INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF SEAWATER SALINITY AND ASCORBIC ACID
M. Khafagy
1
M. Abdalla
2
H. Hussein
3
Sara Ahmed
4
Agric. Bot. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
Veget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
Veget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
Veget. and Flori. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.
A pot experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station and in the Laboratory of Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the two successive seasons of 2010 and 2011 to investigate the effective role of ascorbic acid at 50 and 100 ppm on alleviation the harmful effect of irrigation by diluted seawater (10, 20, 30 and 40%) on plant growth and biochemical constituents of Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.).
The results showed that shoot height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, root length as well as fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots were increased at the low levels of salinity of diluted seawater irrigation (10%), and then decreased gradually with increasing irrigation water salinity from 10 to 40% as compared to non-salinized (control). The shortest plants resulted from the highest irrigation water salinity (40%) in both seasons. Most criteria of plant growth were significantly affected by application of ascorbic acid separately or collectively as promoted all the aforementioned characters in this study. In addition, salinity stress decreased photosynthetic pigments, N, P and K %, while increased proline and total soluble sugars. Moreover, AsA increased photosynthetic pigments, proline, total soluble sugars, N, P and K concentration. It could be noticed that the AsA at both levels could partially alleviate the harmful effect of salinity stress on plant growth and biochemical constituents of Hibiscus plant.
From the obtained results, It could be recommended to spray Hibiscus plants irrigatied by diluted seawater with ascorbic at 100 ppm to overcome the destructive effect of salinity.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_68608_07b38c8d64a3323de50977838b90026e.pdf
ascorbic acid
Soil salinity
Growth
Biochemical Constituents
Hibiscus
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Production
2090-3669
2090-374X
2013-01-01
4
1
79
105
10.21608/jpp.2013.68893
68893
Original Article
IDENTIFICATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT MOLECULAR MARKERS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) I- ASSESSMENT OF F1 GENOTYPES UNDER NORMAL AND DROUGHT CONDITION
M. El Banna
1
H. El-Wakil
2
A. Abd-Allah
3
Hala Eissa
4
S. Hassanein
5
R. Sllam
6
Fac. of Agric. Saba Basha, Alex University,
Fac. of Agric. Saba Basha, Alex University,
Rice Res. and Training Center, Field Crop Research Institute, (ARC),
Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute, (ARC).
Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute, (ARC).
Rice Res. and Training Center, Field Crop Research Institute, (ARC),
The present study was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafer EL-Shiekh, Egypt, during three successive rice growing seasons 2010, 2011 and 2012 aiming to establish combiners that may have drought tolerance characters by hybridization between local sensitive and imported tolerant rice cultivars which will be subjected to aggressive Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) molecular technique. So, eight genotypes namely; Moroberekan, IET1444, Azucena, IRAT170, GZ530-20-10, Giza177, Giza 178 and Sakha101 were chosen for line by tester cross. The hybrid grains were grown in 2011 as F1 and transplanted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications, (each F1 cross transplanted between its parents). All the genotypes (eight parents and 15 F1 crosses) were planted under both normal and imposed drought conditions.
The obtained results exhibited that, the parents Moroberekan, IET 1444, Giza 178 and Sakha 101 and the F1 crosses involved these parents, in particular the crosses Moroberekan x Giza177 and IET 1444 x Sakha 101 showed the most favorable mean performances values for root, yield and physiological characters, under stress conditions. Moreover, under drought stress, the following F1 crosses; IET 1444 x Giza177, IRAT 17 x Sakha101 show remarkable increase in the mean performance of average panicle length, average number of panicles per plant, average grain yield per plant as well as harvest index. However, insignificant heterotic effects were recorded for average root volume (RV) with the F1 combiner; GZ350-20-10 x Giza178. Neverthless, root to shoot ratio (R:S) did not show insignificant heterosis effects under drought condition.
The most desirable crosses under normal and drought stress were; Moroberekan x Giza177, Moroberekan x Sakha101, IET 1444 x Giza178, IET 1444 x Sakha101. Since these crosses maintained the most favorable shoot, root, yield and physiological characters under both normal and drought stress conditions. The vigorous growth of F1 rice hybrids may partially attributed to the development and function of the root system. Also, it was found that F1 hybrid surpassed parents in the total root length, number. of root per plant. As a result, the root system of F1 hybrids was not only greater in volume, but also longer in length. Additionally, root to shoot ratio showed higher values than that of parents.
Signficant GCV estimates were recorded for all the studied traits except the parents IET 1444 for average root volume per plant and the parent Giza 178 for root to shoot ratio under normal condition and Giza 177 for average number of roots per plant for number of roots per plant. Also, signficant GCV estimates were recorded for all the studied traits except the parents IRAT 170, Giza 177 and Giza 178 for average relative water content.
https://jpp.journals.ekb.eg/article_68893_189f166e86f0d219dad425b2ddc47789.pdf